Oxidative stress and redox signalling in plants

Hancock, John T.

Abstract

Cell signalling is a critically important aspect of biology, being the mechanism by which organisms, tissues and cells coordinate their activity, and survive environmental change and stress. Numerous bio-molecules are involved but small reactive compounds known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are key players in this intricate network of signalling. Such compounds are inherently toxic, with increased ROS leading to a condition known as oxidative stress. However, in plants numerous physiological responses are modulated by the presence of ROS, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and RNS, such as nitric oxide (NO), including root growth, stomatal closure and cell death. Proteins such as kinases, phosphatases and metabolic enzymes are able to be controlled by the presence of H2O2and NO. Often thiol groups on proteins are the target for modulation, but the presence and interactions with other redox compounds such as glutathione also need to be considered.

• Acceptance Date: Dec 2, 2015
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2016
• Deposit Date: May 18, 2016
• Journal: eLS
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Book Title: eLS
• ISBN: 9780470015902
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0026508
• Keywords: reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, oxidative stress, redox signaling, hydrogen sulfide, antioxidants
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/919452
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0026508
• Contract Date: May 18, 2016