Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions (2012)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Sun, J., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Warr, R. (2012). Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions. Skin Research and Technology, 18(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00534.x

Background: Early identification of malignant melanoma with the surgical removal of thin lesions is the most effective treatment for skin cancers. A computer-aided diagnostic system assists to improve the diagnostic accuracy, where segmenting lesion... Read More about Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions.

Face recognition in 2D and 2.5D using ridgelets and photometric stereo (2012)
Journal Article
Smith, M. L., Atkinson, G. A., Kautkar, S. N., Kautkar, S., Atkinson, G., & Smith, M. (2012). Face recognition in 2D and 2.5D using ridgelets and photometric stereo. Pattern Recognition, 45(9), 3317-3327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2012.03.007

A new technique for face recognition - Ridgefaces - is presented. The method combines the well-known Fisherface method with the ridgelet transform and high-speed Photometric Stereo (PS). The paper first derives ridgelet projections for 2D/2.5D face i... Read More about Face recognition in 2D and 2.5D using ridgelets and photometric stereo.

Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions (2011)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Smith, L., Sun, J., Smith, M., & Warr, R. (2011). Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 6893 LNCS(PART 3), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23626-6_16

This paper proposes a novel reflectional asymmetry descriptor to quantize the asymmetry of the cutaneous lesions for the discrimination of malignant melanoma from benign nevi. A pigmentation elevation model of the biological indexes is first construc... Read More about Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions.

Using photometric stereo for face recognition (2011)
Journal Article
Atkinson, G., & Smith, M. (2011). Using photometric stereo for face recognition

Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma (2011)
Journal Article
Ding, Y., Smith, L., Smith, M., Farooq, A., Sun, J., & Warr, R. (2011). Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma. Sensor Review, 31(2), 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/02602281111109961

Pur ose - The ur ose of this a er is to describe innovative machine vision methods that have been em loyed for the ca ture and analysis of 3D skin textures; and the resulting otential for assisting with identification of sus icious lesions in the det... Read More about Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma.

Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis (2011)
Journal Article
Warr, R., Zhou, Y., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Farooq, A. (2011). Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 35(2), 155-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.10.004

This article describes an enhanced curvature pattern based melanoma diagnosis system using convolution techniques and ensemble classifiers. We extract the 3. D data of melanoma with a photometric stereo device first. Then differential forms of the me... Read More about Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis.

3D face reconstructions from photometric stereo using near infrared and visible light (2010)
Journal Article
Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2010). 3D face reconstructions from photometric stereo using near infrared and visible light. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 114(8), 942-951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2010.03.001

This paper seeks to advance the state-of-the-art in 3D face capture and processing via novel Photometric Stereo (PS) hardware and algorithms. The first contribution is a new high-speed 3D data capture system, which is capable of acquiring four raw im... Read More about 3D face reconstructions from photometric stereo using near infrared and visible light.

Measuring perceived differences in surface texture due to changes in higher order statistics (2010)
Journal Article
Chantler, M. J., Emrith, K., Green, P. R., Maloney, L., & Clarke, A. D. F. (2010). Measuring perceived differences in surface texture due to changes in higher order statistics. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 27(5), 1232-1244. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.27.001232

We investigate the ability of humans to perceive changes in the appearance of images of surface texture caused by the variation of their higher order statistics. We incrementally randomize their phase spectra while holding their first and second orde... Read More about Measuring perceived differences in surface texture due to changes in higher order statistics.

A computer assisted diagnosis system for malignant melanoma using 3D skin surface texture features and artificial neural network (2010)
Journal Article
Ding, Y., Smith, L., Smith, M., Sun, J., & Warr, R. (2010). A computer assisted diagnosis system for malignant melanoma using 3D skin surface texture features and artificial neural network. International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control, 9(4), 370-381. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMIC.2010.033212

It has been observed that disruptions in skin patterns are larger for malignant melanoma than for benign lesions. In contrast to existing work on 2D skin line patterns, this work proposes a computer assisted diagnosis system for malignant melanoma ba... Read More about A computer assisted diagnosis system for malignant melanoma using 3D skin surface texture features and artificial neural network.

A new method describing border irregularity of pigmented lesions (2010)
Journal Article
Zhou, Y., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Warr, R. (2010). A new method describing border irregularity of pigmented lesions. Skin Research and Technology, 16(1), 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00403.x

Background/purpose: Automatic quantitative characterization of border irregularity generating useful descriptors is a highly important task for computer-aided diagnosis of melanoma. This paper proposes a novel approach to describe the border irregula... Read More about A new method describing border irregularity of pigmented lesions.

Using 3D differential forms to characterize a pigmented lesion in vivo (2010)
Journal Article
Warr, R., Zhou, Y., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Robert, W. (2010). Using 3D differential forms to characterize a pigmented lesion in vivo. Skin Research and Technology, 16(1), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00384.x

Background/purpose: After the formulation of ABCD rules, many new feature extraction methods are emerging to describe the asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation and diameter of malignant melanoma. In this paper, a new research direction orth... Read More about Using 3D differential forms to characterize a pigmented lesion in vivo.

Procedia Computer Science: Preface (2010)
Journal Article
Kandaswamy, A., Deepika, C. L., & Atkinson, G. (2010). Procedia Computer Science: Preface. Procedia Computer Science, 2, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.11.001

Facial geometry estimation using photometric stereo and profile views (2009)
Journal Article
Atkinson, G., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Farooq, A. (2009). Facial geometry estimation using photometric stereo and profile views. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 5558 LNCS, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01793-3_1

This paper presents a novel method for estimating the three-dimensional shape of faces, facilitating the possibility of enhanced face recognition. The method involves a combined use of photometric stereo and profile view information. It can be divide... Read More about Facial geometry estimation using photometric stereo and profile views.

Change in appearance of textures with randomisation of Fourier phase (2009)
Journal Article
Emrith, K., Green, P. R., & Chantler, M. J. (2009). Change in appearance of textures with randomisation of Fourier phase. Perception, 38, 64

It is known that humans can discriminate visual textures on the basis of differences in statistics higher than the second order. However, these results have been obtained using artificial textures made up of geometric elements, and the effects of man... Read More about Change in appearance of textures with randomisation of Fourier phase.

Facial reconstruction and alignment using photometric stereo and surface fitting (2009)
Journal Article
Farooq, A. R., Atkinson, G., Smith, M., & Smith, L. (2009). Facial reconstruction and alignment using photometric stereo and surface fitting. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 5524 LNCS, 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02172-5_13

This paper presents a novel 3D face shape capture device suitable for practical face recognition applications. A new surface fitting based face alignment algorithm is then presented to normalise the pose in preparation for recognition. The 3D data ca... Read More about Facial reconstruction and alignment using photometric stereo and surface fitting.

Obtaining malignant melanoma indicators through statistical analysis of 3D skin surface disruptions (2009)
Journal Article
Ding, Y., Smith, L., Smith, M., Sun, J., & Warr, R. (2009). Obtaining malignant melanoma indicators through statistical analysis of 3D skin surface disruptions. Skin Research and Technology, 15(3), 262-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00352.x

Background/purpose: It has been observed that disruptions in skin patterns are larger for malignant melanoma (MM) than benign lesions. In order to extend the classification results achieved for 2D skin patterns, this work intends to investigate the f... Read More about Obtaining malignant melanoma indicators through statistical analysis of 3D skin surface disruptions.

Two-dimensional BRDF estimation from polarisation (2008)
Journal Article
Atkinson, G., & Hancock, E. R. (2008). Two-dimensional BRDF estimation from polarisation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 111(2), 126-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2007.09.005

This paper presents a novel technique for reflectance function (BRDF) estimation, which uses polarisation information and photometric stereo. The first stage of the technique is standard and involves the acquisition of polarisation information (angle... Read More about Two-dimensional BRDF estimation from polarisation.

Reflectance of human skin using colour photometric stereo: With particular application to pigmented lesion analysis (2008)
Journal Article
Sun, J., Smith, M., Smith, L., Coutts, L., Dabis, R., Harland, C., & Bamber, J. (2008). Reflectance of human skin using colour photometric stereo: With particular application to pigmented lesion analysis. Skin Research and Technology, 14(2), 173-179. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2007.00274.x

Background/purpose: The optical appearance of human skin is highly dependent on the interaction between the illumination (type and position), observer position and the skin surface structure. Different currently available photographic techniques reco... Read More about Reflectance of human skin using colour photometric stereo: With particular application to pigmented lesion analysis.

Shape estimation using polarization and shading from two views (2007)
Journal Article
Hancock, E. R., & Atkinson, G. (2007). Shape estimation using polarization and shading from two views. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 29(11), 2001-2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1099

This paper presents a novel method for 3D surface reconstruction that uses polarization and shading information from two views. The method relies on polarization data acquired using a standard digital camera and a linear polarizer. Fresnel theory is... Read More about Shape estimation using polarization and shading from two views.

Object surface recovery using a multi-light photometric stereo technique for non-Lambertian surfaces subject to shadows and specularities (2007)
Journal Article
Sun, J., Smith, M., Smith, L., Midha, S., & Bamber, J. (2007). Object surface recovery using a multi-light photometric stereo technique for non-Lambertian surfaces subject to shadows and specularities. Image and Vision Computing, 25(7), 1050-1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2006.04.025

This paper presents a new multi-light source photometric stereo system for reconstructing images of various characteristics of non-Lambertian rough surfaces with widely varying texture and specularity. Compared to the traditional three-light photomet... Read More about Object surface recovery using a multi-light photometric stereo technique for non-Lambertian surfaces subject to shadows and specularities.