A conversation analytical study of call openings in Emergency Medical Service calls where the patient is at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (2024)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Voss, S., Benger, J., & Barnes, R. K. (2024). A conversation analytical study of call openings in Emergency Medical Service calls where the patient is at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation Plus, 19, Article 100706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100706

Background: The Chain of Survival identifies the importance of early recognition of patients who are at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This research investigated the interaction between callers and call-takers during calls to the Em... Read More about A conversation analytical study of call openings in Emergency Medical Service calls where the patient is at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

A multiple criteria decision analysis to establish the use cases and candidate point of care tests to enter into a platform trial of multiple in vitro diagnostic point of care tests in the prehospital environment (2024)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Coggins, J., Gibson, A., Liddiard, C., Moore, T. H., Savović, J., …Body, R. (2024). A multiple criteria decision analysis to establish the use cases and candidate point of care tests to enter into a platform trial of multiple in vitro diagnostic point of care tests in the prehospital environment. NIHR Open Research, 4, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.13580.1

Background There are increasing demands on Emergency Medical Services. More efficient treatment pathways are required to support conveyance decision making and patient referral in prehospital care. Point of Care testing is increasingly available and... Read More about A multiple criteria decision analysis to establish the use cases and candidate point of care tests to enter into a platform trial of multiple in vitro diagnostic point of care tests in the prehospital environment.

Inequalities in birth before arrival at hospital in South West England: a multimethods study of neonatal hypothermia and emergency medical services call-handler advice. (2024)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Kirby, K., McClelland, G., Beach, E., Bedson, A., Benger, J. R., …Voss, S. (2024). Inequalities in birth before arrival at hospital in South West England: a multimethods study of neonatal hypothermia and emergency medical services call-handler advice. BMJ Open, 14(4), Article e081106. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081106

ObjectivesTo examine inequalities in birth before arrival (BBA) at hospitals in South West England, understand which groups are most likely to experience BBA and how this relates to hypothermia and outcomes (phase A). To investigate opportunities to... Read More about Inequalities in birth before arrival at hospital in South West England: a multimethods study of neonatal hypothermia and emergency medical services call-handler advice..

Paramedic utility in screening patients who present to Emergency Medical Services and who may benefit from an Advance Care Plan: A mixed methods study with explanatory sequential design (2024)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Liddiard, C., Pocock, L., Black, S., Diaper, A., Goodwin, L., …Benger, J. (2024). Paramedic utility in screening patients who present to Emergency Medical Services and who may benefit from an Advance Care Plan: A mixed methods study with explanatory sequential design. Progress in Palliative Care, 32(3), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/09699260.2024.2339077

We used a two-phased mixed methods study with an explanatory sequential design to understand how frequently paramedics attend patients who, on paramedic assessment with the Gold Standards Framework Proactive Identification Guidance, are end-of-life a... Read More about Paramedic utility in screening patients who present to Emergency Medical Services and who may benefit from an Advance Care Plan: A mixed methods study with explanatory sequential design.

Identifying patients at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the Emergency Medical call: The views of call-takers (2023)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Voss, S., & Benger, J. (2023). Identifying patients at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the Emergency Medical call: The views of call-takers. Resuscitation Plus, 16, Article 100490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100490

There is little research on the triage of patients who are not yet in cardiac arrest when the emergency call is initiated, but who deteriorate and suffer a cardiac arrest during the prehospital phase of care. The aim of this study was to investigate... Read More about Identifying patients at imminent risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the Emergency Medical call: The views of call-takers.

How do emergency department staff respond to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia? A mixed-methods study (2023)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Liddiard, C., Manning, S., Benger, J. R., Benger, J., Carlton, E., …Voss, S. (2023). How do emergency department staff respond to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia? A mixed-methods study. BMJ Open, 13(8), Article e075022. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075022

Objectives: To investigate staff experiences of, and approaches to behaviour that challenges displayed by patients with dementia in the emergency department (ED). Behaviour that challenges is defined as ‘actions that detract from the well-being of in... Read More about How do emergency department staff respond to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia? A mixed-methods study.

Randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway device compared with tracheal intubation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-3): Protocol, design and implementation (2023)
Journal Article
Watkins, S., Chowdhury, F. J., Norman, C., Brett, S. J., Couper, K., Goodwin, L., …Benger, J. R. (2023). Randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway device compared with tracheal intubation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-3): Protocol, design and implementation. Resuscitation Plus, 15, Article 100430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100430

Survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest is approximately 18%, but for patients who require advanced airway management survival is lower. Those who do survive are often left with significant disability. Traditionally, resuscitation of cardiac arrest... Read More about Randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway device compared with tracheal intubation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-3): Protocol, design and implementation.

Factors that influence the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) to trauma patients in prehospital settings: A systematic review (2023)
Journal Article
Nicholson, H., Scotney, N., Briscoe, S., Kirby, K., Bedson, A., Goodwin, L., …Benger, J. R. (2023). Factors that influence the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) to trauma patients in prehospital settings: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 13(5), Article e073075. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073075

Objective: In the UK there are around 5400 deaths annually from injury. Tranexamic acid (TXA) prevents bleeding and has been shown to reduce trauma mortality. However, only 5% of UK major trauma patients who are at risk of haemorrhage receive prehosp... Read More about Factors that influence the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) to trauma patients in prehospital settings: A systematic review.

Health promotion in emergency care settings: investigating staff views and experiences (2023)
Journal Article
Schofield, B., Hoskins, R., Rolfe, U., McClean, S., Voss, S., & Benger, J. (2023). Health promotion in emergency care settings: investigating staff views and experiences. Emergency Nurse, 31(6), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.7748/en.2023.e2156

BACKGROUND: Emergency departments (EDs) afford 'teachable moments' for health behaviour change, but staff may not see themselves as public health practitioners and it can be challenging to undertake health promotion activities in emergency care setti... Read More about Health promotion in emergency care settings: investigating staff views and experiences.

The reality of advanced airway management during out of hospital cardiac arrest; why did paramedics deviate from their allocated airway management strategy during the AIRWAYS-2 randomised trial? (2023)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Lazaroo, M., Green, J., Hall, H., Pilbery, R., Whitley, G. A., …Benger, J. (2023). The reality of advanced airway management during out of hospital cardiac arrest; why did paramedics deviate from their allocated airway management strategy during the AIRWAYS-2 randomised trial?. Resuscitation Plus, 13, 100365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100365

Background: AIRWAYS-2 was a large multi-centre cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effect on functional outcome of a supraglottic airway device (i-gel) versus tracheal intubation (TI) as the initial advanced airway during out-of-hos... Read More about The reality of advanced airway management during out of hospital cardiac arrest; why did paramedics deviate from their allocated airway management strategy during the AIRWAYS-2 randomised trial?.

Factors influencing conveyance of older adults with minor head injury by paramedics to the emergency department: A multiple methods study (2022)
Journal Article
Nicholson, H., Voss, S., Black, S., Taylor, H., Williams, D., & Benger, J. (2022). Factors influencing conveyance of older adults with minor head injury by paramedics to the emergency department: A multiple methods study. BMC Emergency Medicine, 22(1), 184. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-022-00747-w

Background: Head injury (HI) in older adults due to low-energy falls result in a substantial number of emergency department (ED) attendances. However, mortality associated with minor HI is very low. Reducing conveyance to hospital is important for ol... Read More about Factors influencing conveyance of older adults with minor head injury by paramedics to the emergency department: A multiple methods study.

The CRYOSTAT2 trial: The rationale and study protocol for a multi-Centre, randomised, controlled trial evaluating the effects of early high-dose cryoprecipitate in adult patients with major trauma haemorrhage requiring major haemorrhage protocol activation (2022)
Journal Article
Curry, N., Davenport, R., Lucas, J., Deary, A., Benger, J., Edwards, A., …Stanworth, S. J. (in press). The CRYOSTAT2 trial: The rationale and study protocol for a multi-Centre, randomised, controlled trial evaluating the effects of early high-dose cryoprecipitate in adult patients with major trauma haemorrhage requiring major haemorrhage protocol activation. Transfusion Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1111/tme.12932

Objectives: To describe the protocol for a multinational randomised, parallel, superiority trial, in which patients were randomised to receive early high-dose cryoprecipitate in addition to standard major haemorrhage protocol (MHP), or Standard MHP a... Read More about The CRYOSTAT2 trial: The rationale and study protocol for a multi-Centre, randomised, controlled trial evaluating the effects of early high-dose cryoprecipitate in adult patients with major trauma haemorrhage requiring major haemorrhage protocol activation.

Temperature measurement of babies born in the pre-hospital setting: Analysis of ambulance service data and qualitative interviews with paramedics (2022)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Voss, S., McClelland, G., Beach, E., Bedson, A., Black, S., …Benger, J. (2022). Temperature measurement of babies born in the pre-hospital setting: Analysis of ambulance service data and qualitative interviews with paramedics. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39, 826-832. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2021-211970

Background: Birth before arrival at hospital (BBA) is associated with unfavourable perinatal outcomes and increased mortality. An important risk factor for mortality following BBA is hypothermia, and emergency medical services (EMS) providers are wel... Read More about Temperature measurement of babies born in the pre-hospital setting: Analysis of ambulance service data and qualitative interviews with paramedics.

What are the barriers and facilitators to effective health promotion in urgent and emergency care? A systematic review (2022)
Journal Article
Schofield, B., Rolfe, U., McClean, S., Hoskins, R., Voss, S., & Benger, J. (2022). What are the barriers and facilitators to effective health promotion in urgent and emergency care? A systematic review. BMC Emergency Medicine, 22(1), Article 95. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-022-00651-3

Background: There are potential health gains such as reducing early deaths, years spent in ill-health and costs to society and the health and care system by encouraging NHS staff to use encounters with patients to help individuals significantly reduc... Read More about What are the barriers and facilitators to effective health promotion in urgent and emergency care? A systematic review.

Barriers and facilitators to the administration of prehospital tranexamic acid: A paramedic interview study using the theoretical domains framework (2021)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Nicholson, H., Robinson, M., Bedson, A., Black, S., Kirby, K., …Benger, J. (2022). Barriers and facilitators to the administration of prehospital tranexamic acid: A paramedic interview study using the theoretical domains framework. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(7), 540-546. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2020-210622

BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug used to prevent bleeding. It was introduced as an intervention for post-traumatic haemorrhage across emergency medical services (EMS) in the UK during 2012. However, despite strong evidenc... Read More about Barriers and facilitators to the administration of prehospital tranexamic acid: A paramedic interview study using the theoretical domains framework.

Staff stakeholder views on the role of UK paramedics in advance care planning for patients in their last year of life (2021)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Proctor, A., Kirby, K., Black, S., Pocock, L., Richardson, S., …Benger, J. (2021). Staff stakeholder views on the role of UK paramedics in advance care planning for patients in their last year of life. Progress in Palliative Care, 29(2), 76-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/09699260.2021.1872140

Background: Early advance care planning has clear benefits for patients approaching the end of their life, yet many of those attended by UK paramedics do not have this planning in place. Aims: To explore staff stakeholder views on the role of UK p... Read More about Staff stakeholder views on the role of UK paramedics in advance care planning for patients in their last year of life.

PP20  Paramedic identification and referral of patients in the last year of life: a stakeholder interview study (2020)
Journal Article
Kirby, K., Black, S., Goodwin, L., Pocock, L., Proctor, A., Richardson, S., …Benger, J. (2020). PP20  Paramedic identification and referral of patients in the last year of life: a stakeholder interview study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 37(10), e10.1-e10. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2020-999abs.20

Background Patients are approaching End of Life when they are likely to die within the next 12 months. Quality in End of Life Care is variable and identifying patients in the End of Life phase is challenging, particularly in those people with diagnos... Read More about PP20  Paramedic identification and referral of patients in the last year of life: a stakeholder interview study.

Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees (2020)
Journal Article
Goodwin, L., Samuel, K., Schofield, B., Voss, S., Brett, S. J., Couper, K., …Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT) network. (2021). Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees. Journal of the Intensive Care Society, 22(3), 192-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1751143720949458

Background: The optimal airway management strategy for in-hospital cardiac arrest is unknown. Methods: An online survey and telephone interviews with anaesthetic and intensive care trainee doctors identified by the United Kingdom Research and Audit F... Read More about Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees.

Design and implementation of a large and complex trial in emergency medical services (2019)
Journal Article
Robinson, M. J., Taylor, J., Brett, S. J., Nolan, J. P., Thomas, M., Reeves, B. C., …Benger, J. R. (2019). Design and implementation of a large and complex trial in emergency medical services. Trials, 20, Article 108. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3203-0

Background: The research study titled “Cluster randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of the i-gel supraglottic airway device versus tracheal intubation in the initial airway management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-2)”... Read More about Design and implementation of a large and complex trial in emergency medical services.

Cluster randomised comparison of the effectiveness of 100% oxygen versus titrated oxygen in patients with a sustained return of spontaneous circulation following out of hospital cardiac arrest: A feasibility study. PROXY: Post ROSC OXYgenation study (2019)
Journal Article
Thomas, M., Voss, S., Benger, J., Kirby, K., & Nolan, J. P. (2019). Cluster randomised comparison of the effectiveness of 100% oxygen versus titrated oxygen in patients with a sustained return of spontaneous circulation following out of hospital cardiac arrest: A feasibility study. PROXY: Post ROSC OXYgenation study. BMC Emergency Medicine, 19, Article 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-018-0214-1

Background: Hyperoxia following out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with a poor outcome. Animal data suggest the first hour post resuscitation may be the most important. In the UK the first hour usually occurs in the prehospital envir... Read More about Cluster randomised comparison of the effectiveness of 100% oxygen versus titrated oxygen in patients with a sustained return of spontaneous circulation following out of hospital cardiac arrest: A feasibility study. PROXY: Post ROSC OXYgenation study.