Precision fibre angle inspection for carbon fibre composite structures using polarisation vision (2021)
Journal Article
Atkinson, G., O'Hara Nash, S., & Smith, L. (2021). Precision fibre angle inspection for carbon fibre composite structures using polarisation vision. Electronics, 10(22), Article 2765. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10222765

This paper evaluates the precision of polarisation imaging technology for the inspection of carbon fibre composite components. Specifically, it assesses the feasibility of the technology for fibre orientation measurements based on the premise that li... Read More about Precision fibre angle inspection for carbon fibre composite structures using polarisation vision.

An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region (2014)
Journal Article
Ahmad, J., Sun, J., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2014). An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region. Pattern Recognition Letters, 50, 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2013.09.005

© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Although photometric stereo offers an attractive technique for acquiring 3D data using low-cost equipment, inherent limitations in the methodology have served to limit its practical application, particularly... Read More about An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region.

Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Ahmad, J., Sun, J., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2014, July). Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach. Paper presented at Medical Image Understanding and Analysis 2014, City University London

A non-contact computer vision based system is developed for Pulmonary Functional Testing. The unique and novel features of the system are that it views the patients from both front and back and creates a 3D structure of the whole torso. By observing... Read More about Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach.

Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation (2013)
Journal Article
Smith, L. N., Smith, M. L., Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G. A., Zafeiriou, S., Atkinson, G., …Smith, L. (2013). Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 8(1), 121-135. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2012.2224109

This paper presents a new database suitable for both 2-D and 3-D face recognition based on photometric stereo (PS): the Photoface database. The database was collected using a custom-made four-source PS device designed to enable data capture with mini... Read More about Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation.

In vivo measurement of skin microrelief using photometric stereo in the presence of interreflections (2013)
Journal Article
Sohaib, A., Farooq, A., Atkinson, G., Smith, L., Smith, M., & Warr, R. (2013). In vivo measurement of skin microrelief using photometric
stereo in the presence of interreflections. Journal of the Optical Society of America A,

This paper proposes and describes an implementation of a novel photometric stereo based technique for in vivo assessment of three-dimensional (3D) skin topography in the presence of interreflections. The proposed method illuminates skin with red, gr... Read More about In vivo measurement of skin microrelief using photometric stereo in the presence of interreflections.

An improved 3D imaging system for dimensional quality inspection of rolled products in the metal industry (2013)
Journal Article
Smith, L. N., Espina, A., Bulnes, F. G., García, D. F., Usamentiaga, R., Molleda, J., …Smith, L. (2013). An improved 3D imaging system for dimensional quality inspection of rolled products in the metal industry. Computers in Industry, 64(9), 1186-1200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2013.05.002

Measurement, inspection and quality control in industry have benefited from 3D techniques for imaging and visualization in recent years. The development of machine vision devices at decreased costs, as well as their miniaturization and integration in... Read More about An improved 3D imaging system for dimensional quality inspection of rolled products in the metal industry.

Real-time recovery of moving 3D faces for emerging applications (2013)
Journal Article
Molleda, J., Smith, M. L., Smith, L. N., Broadbent, L., Emrith, K., Emrith, K., …Molleda, J. (2013). Real-time recovery of moving 3D faces for emerging applications. Computers in Industry, 64(9), 1390-1398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2013.03.011

Existing face imaging systems are not suitable to meet the face representation and recognition demands for emerging applications in areas such as interactive gaming, enhanced learning environments and directed advertising. This is mainly due to the p... Read More about Real-time recovery of moving 3D faces for emerging applications.

Incorporating clinical metadata with digital image features for automated identification of cutaneous melanoma (2013)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Sun, J., Smith, M., & Smith, L. (2013). Incorporating clinical metadata with digital image features for automated identification of cutaneous melanoma. British Journal of Dermatology,

Abstract Background Computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) of malignant melanoma (MM) has been advocated to help clinicians in achieving a more objective and reliable assessment. However, conventional CAD systems only examine the features extracted from... Read More about Incorporating clinical metadata with digital image features for automated identification of cutaneous melanoma.

Dynamic deflectometry: A novel approach for the on-line reconstruction of specular freeform surfaces (2012)
Journal Article
Wedowski, R. D., Atkinson, G., Smith, M., & Smith, L. (2012). Dynamic deflectometry: A novel approach for the on-line reconstruction of specular freeform surfaces. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 50(12), 1765-1778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.07.003

The dynamic inspection and reverse engineering of specular freeform surfaces is a challenge so far largely unsolved. Products produced in high quantities in industrial environments are still inspected manually which is labour intensive, expensive, mo... Read More about Dynamic deflectometry: A novel approach for the on-line reconstruction of specular freeform surfaces.

Innovative machine vision technique for 2D/3D complex and irregular surfaces modelling (2012)
Journal Article
complex and irregular surfaces modelling. International Journal of Computer Science Issues, 9(5), 113-121

Abstract—This study propose and demonstrates a novel technique incorporating multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks for feature extraction with Photometric stereo based image capture techniques for the analysis of complex and irregular 2D profil... Read More about Innovative machine vision technique for 2D/3D complex and irregular surfaces modelling.

Combinatorial photometric stereo and its application in 3D modeling of melanoma (2012)
Journal Article
Smith, M. L., Zhou, Y., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Warr, R. (2012). Combinatorial photometric stereo and its application in 3D modeling of melanoma. Machine Vision and Applications, 23(5), 1029-1045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-011-0356-6

This article concerns a new type of photometric stereo algorithm for which outliers such as highlights and shadows, including attached and cast shadow, are mixed with Lambertian data. The underlying motivation behind this algorithm is very simple: an... Read More about Combinatorial photometric stereo and its application in 3D modeling of melanoma.

Distribution quantification on dermoscopy images for computer-Assisted diagnosis of cutaneous melanomas (2012)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Sun, J., Smith, L., Smith, M., & Warr, R. (2012). Distribution quantification on dermoscopy images for computer-Assisted diagnosis of cutaneous melanomas. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 50(5), 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-012-0895-7

Computerised analysis on skin lesion images has been reported to be helpful in achieving objective and reproducible diagnosis of melanoma. In particular, asymmetry in shape, colour and structure reflects the irregular growth of melanin under the skin... Read More about Distribution quantification on dermoscopy images for computer-Assisted diagnosis of cutaneous melanomas.

Branch cutting algorithm for unwrapping photoelastic phase map with isotropic point (2012)
Journal Article
Lao, F. Y., Liang, H. R., Huang, M. J., Zhang, Y. T., Wedowski, R., Atkinson, G., …Smith, L. (2012). Branch cutting algorithm for unwrapping photoelastic phase map with isotropic point. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 50(5), 619-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2011.10.013

A branch cutting algorithm is proposed to solve the wrapped isoclinic causing isochromatic discontinuity and thus to decouple the isoclinicisochromatic interaction of photoelastic phase maps. Rather than pixel by pixel, the branch-cutting isoclinic w... Read More about Branch cutting algorithm for unwrapping photoelastic phase map with isotropic point.

Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions (2012)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Sun, J., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Warr, R. (2012). Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions. Skin Research and Technology, 18(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00534.x

Background: Early identification of malignant melanoma with the surgical removal of thin lesions is the most effective treatment for skin cancers. A computer-aided diagnostic system assists to improve the diagnostic accuracy, where segmenting lesion... Read More about Unsupervised sub-segmentation for pigmented skin lesions.

Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions (2011)
Journal Article
Liu, Z., Smith, L., Sun, J., Smith, M., & Warr, R. (2011). Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 6893 LNCS(PART 3), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23626-6_16

This paper proposes a novel reflectional asymmetry descriptor to quantize the asymmetry of the cutaneous lesions for the discrimination of malignant melanoma from benign nevi. A pigmentation elevation model of the biological indexes is first construc... Read More about Biological indexes based reflectional asymmetry for classifying cutaneous lesions.

Psychologically inspired dimensionality reduction for 2D and 3D Face Recognition (2011)
Presentation / Conference
Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G., Smith, M., & Smith, L. (2011, September). Psychologically inspired dimensionality reduction for 2D and 3D Face Recognition. Paper presented at British Machine Vision Conference 2011, Dundee, UK

We present a number of related novel methods for reducing the dimensionality of data for the purposes of 2D and 3D face recognition. Results from psychology show that humans are capable of very good recognition of low resolution images and caricature... Read More about Psychologically inspired dimensionality reduction for 2D and 3D Face Recognition.

The photoface database (2011)
Presentation / Conference
Zafeirou, S., Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G., Argyriou, V., Petrou, M., Smith, M., & Smith, L. (2011, June). The photoface database. Paper presented at Biometrics Workshop of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA

Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma (2011)
Journal Article
Ding, Y., Smith, L., Smith, M., Farooq, A., Sun, J., & Warr, R. (2011). Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma. Sensor Review, 31(2), 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/02602281111109961

Pur ose - The ur ose of this a er is to describe innovative machine vision methods that have been em loyed for the ca ture and analysis of 3D skin textures; and the resulting otential for assisting with identification of sus icious lesions in the det... Read More about Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma.

Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis (2011)
Journal Article
Warr, R., Zhou, Y., Smith, M., Smith, L., & Farooq, A. (2011). Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 35(2), 155-165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.10.004

This article describes an enhanced curvature pattern based melanoma diagnosis system using convolution techniques and ensemble classifiers. We extract the 3. D data of melanoma with a photometric stereo device first. Then differential forms of the me... Read More about Enhanced 3D curvature pattern and melanoma diagnosis.

High speed, multi-scale tracing of curvilinear features with automated scale selection and enhanced orientation computation (2010)
Conference Proceeding
Wedowski, R., Farooq, A., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2010). High speed, multi-scale tracing of curvilinear features with automated scale selection and enhanced orientation computation. In W. Smari (Ed.), International Conference on High Performance Computing and Simulation (HPCS), 2010 (410-417). https://doi.org/10.1109/HPCS.2010.5547105

We propose a new high speed line tracing algorithm based on a well known differential geometric line extraction algorithm. The previously separate steps of line detection and line tracing are performed simultaneously. This allows the exclusion of non... Read More about High speed, multi-scale tracing of curvilinear features with automated scale selection and enhanced orientation computation.