All Outputs (107)

Realistic and interactive high-resolution 4D environments for real-time surgeon and patient interaction (2016)
Journal Article
Smith, L. N., Farooq, A. R., Smith, M. L., Ivanov, I. E., & Orlando, A. (2017). Realistic and interactive high-resolution 4D environments for real-time surgeon and patient interaction. International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 13(2), Article e1761. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.1761

Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Background: Remote consultations that are realistic enough to be useful medically offer considerable clinical, logistical and cost benefits. Despite advances in virtual reality and vision hardware and softwa... Read More about Realistic and interactive high-resolution 4D environments for real-time surgeon and patient interaction.

Eye centre localisation: An unsupervised modular approach (2016)
Journal Article
Zhang, W., Smith, M. L., Smith, L. N., & Farooq, A. R. (2016). Eye centre localisation: An unsupervised modular approach. Sensor Review, 36(3), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1108/SR-06-2015-0098

© Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Purpose - This paper aims to introduce an unsupervised modular approach for eye centre localisation in images and videos following a coarse-to-fine, global-to-regional scheme. The design of the algorithm aims at ex... Read More about Eye centre localisation: An unsupervised modular approach.

Gender and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction (2016)
Journal Article
Zhang, W., Smith, M. L., Smith, L. N., & Farooq, A. (2016). Gender and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 149, 32-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2016.03.014

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. The identification of visual cues in facial images has been widely explored in the broad area of computer vision. However theoretical analyses are often not transformed into widespread assistive Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) s... Read More about Gender and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction.

Gender recognition from facial images: Two or three dimensions? (2016)
Journal Article
Zhang, W., Smith, M. L., Smith, L. N., & Farooq, A. (2016). Gender recognition from facial images: Two or three dimensions?. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 33(3), 333-344. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.33.000333

© 2016 Optical Society of America. This paper seeks to compare encoded features from both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) face images in order to achieve automatic gender recognition with high accuracy and robustness. The Fisher vecto... Read More about Gender recognition from facial images: Two or three dimensions?.

Eye center localization and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction (2016)
Journal Article
Zhang, W., Smith, M. L., Smith, L. N., & Farooq, A. (2016). Eye center localization and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 33(3), 314-325. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.33.000314

© 2016 Optical Society of America. This paper introduces an unsupervised modular approach for accurate and real-time eye center localization in images and videos, thus allowing a coarse-to-fine, global-to-regional scheme. The trajectories of eye cent... Read More about Eye center localization and gaze gesture recognition for human-computer interaction.

Ptu-024 - photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue (2015)
Journal Article
Poullis, A., Groves, C., Slabaugh, G., Emrith, K., & Smith, M. (2015). Ptu-024 - photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue. BMJ, 64(1), 68-69

This paper provides a novel approach for real-time detection of polyps. Using a photometric stereo sensor for endoscopy imaging in a porcine model, the 3D surface geometry of a porcine gut is recovered. Shape features are extracted from the 3D surfac... Read More about Ptu-024 - photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue.

A 3D machine vision method for non-invasive assessment of respiratory function (2015)
Journal Article
Smith, L. N., Smith, M. L., Fletcher, M. E., & Henderson, A. J. (2016). A 3D machine vision method for non-invasive assessment of respiratory function. International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 12(2), 179-188. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.1669

Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Background: Respiratory function testing is important for detecting and monitoring illness, however, it is difficult for some patients, such as the young and severely ill, to perform conventional tests that... Read More about A 3D machine vision method for non-invasive assessment of respiratory function.

Combination of 3D skin surface texture features and 2D ABCD features for improved melanoma diagnosis (2015)
Journal Article
Ding, Y., John, N. W., Smith, L., Sun, J., & Smith, M. (2015). Combination of 3D skin surface texture features and 2D ABCD features for improved melanoma diagnosis. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 53(10), 961-974. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-015-1281-z

© 2015, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. Two-dimensional asymmetry, border irregularity, colour variegation and diameter (ABCD) features are important indicators currently used for computer-assisted diagnosis of malign... Read More about Combination of 3D skin surface texture features and 2D ABCD features for improved melanoma diagnosis.

3D reconstruction of concave surfaces using polarisation imaging (2015)
Journal Article
Sohaib, A., Farooq, A. R., Ahmed, J., Smith, L. N., & Smith, M. N. (2015). 3D reconstruction of concave surfaces using polarisation imaging. Journal of Modern Optics, 62(11), 927-932. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2015.1016130

© 2015 Taylor & Francis. This paper presents a novel algorithm for improved shape recovery using polarisation-based photometric stereo. The majority of previous research using photometric stereo involves 3D reconstruction using both the diffuse and... Read More about 3D reconstruction of concave surfaces using polarisation imaging.

Testing the validity of Lambert's law for micro-scale photometric stereo applied to paper substrates (2015)
Presentation / Conference
Azhar, F., Emrith, K., Pollard, S., Smith, M., Adams, G., & Simske, S. (2015, March). Testing the validity of Lambert's law for micro-scale photometric stereo applied to paper substrates. Paper presented at 10th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISIGRAPP 2015), Berlin, Germany

This paper presents an empirical study to investigate the use of photometric stereo (PS) for micro-scale 3D measurement of paper samples. PS estimates per-pixel surface orientation from images of a surface captured from the same viewpoint but under d... Read More about Testing the validity of Lambert's law for micro-scale photometric stereo applied to paper substrates.

A photometric stereo approach for chronic wound measurement (2015)
Journal Article
Smith, M. L., Farooq, A. R., Smith, L. N., Sun, J., Xu, X., Farooq, A., …smith, M. (2015). A photometric stereo approach for chronic wound measurement. Sensor Review, 35(4), 419-424. https://doi.org/10.1108/SR-01-2015-0018

© 2015 © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Purpose-This paper aims to review state of the art of techniques for dimensioning chronic wounds, and validate the possibilities of employing a new proposed optical imaging approach for general task of wound... Read More about A photometric stereo approach for chronic wound measurement.

Long-range concealed object detection through active covert illumination (2015)
Journal Article
Williamson, D. R., Hales, I. J., Hansen, M. F., Broadbent, L., & Smith, M. (2015). Long-range concealed object detection through active covert illumination. Proceedings of SPIE, 9648, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190194

© 2015 SPIE. When capturing a scene for surveillance, the addition of rich 3D data can dramatically improve the accuracy of object detection or face recognition. Traditional 3D techniques, such as geometric stereo, only provide a coarse grained recon... Read More about Long-range concealed object detection through active covert illumination.

An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region (2014)
Journal Article
Ahmad, J., Sun, J., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2014). An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region. Pattern Recognition Letters, 50, 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2013.09.005

© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Although photometric stereo offers an attractive technique for acquiring 3D data using low-cost equipment, inherent limitations in the methodology have served to limit its practical application, particularly... Read More about An improved photometric stereo through distance estimation and light vector optimization from diffused maxima region.

Photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Emrith, K., Slabaugh, G., Poullis, A. P., Goves, C., & Smith, M. (2014, July). Photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue. Paper presented at Medical Image Understanding and Analysis 2014, City University London

We introduce photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue. Photometric stereo captures images of a surface from a single camera, but illuminated from different light sources. From the set of images, a detailed surface rec... Read More about Photometric stereo reconstruction for surface analysis of mucosal tissue.

Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Ahmad, J., Sun, J., Smith, L., & Smith, M. (2014, July). Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach. Paper presented at Medical Image Understanding and Analysis 2014, City University London

A non-contact computer vision based system is developed for Pulmonary Functional Testing. The unique and novel features of the system are that it views the patients from both front and back and creates a 3D structure of the whole torso. By observing... Read More about Non contact pulmonary functional testing through an improved photometric stereo approach.

A novel photometric stereo imaging sensor for endoscopy imaging: Proof of concept studies on a porcine model (2014)
Journal Article
Poullis, A., Groves, C., Slabaugh, G., Emrith, K., & Smith, M. (2014). A novel photometric stereo imaging sensor for endoscopy imaging: Proof of concept studies on a porcine model. Gut, 63(S1), A46-A47. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307263.96

The American Society of Gastroenterology Endoscopy led Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopy Innovations initiative has identified real time poly diagnosis as one of the next major technology driven changes in endoscopy (1). A number o... Read More about A novel photometric stereo imaging sensor for endoscopy imaging: Proof of concept studies on a porcine model.

Paper type classification based on a new 3D surface texture measure (2014)
Journal Article
Malekmohamadi, H., Emrith, K., Pollard, S., Adams, G., Smith, M., & Simske, S. (2014). Paper type classification based on a new 3D surface texture measure. Electronics Letters, 50(8), 596-598. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.2687

A novel three-dimensional (3D) surface texture measure (3DSTM) is presented based on the micro-geometry of paper surfaces to classify different paper substrates. This is useful to automatically determine whether a document is printed on the correct p... Read More about Paper type classification based on a new 3D surface texture measure.

Using nasal curves matching for expression robust 3D nose recognition (2013)
Presentation / Conference
Emambakhsh, M., Evans, A., & Smith, M. (2013, September). Using nasal curves matching for expression robust 3D nose recognition. Paper presented at IEEE Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS2013), Washington DC, USA

The development of 3D face recognition algorithms that are robust to variations in expression has been a challenge for researchers over the past decade. One approach to this problem is to utilize the most stable parts on the face surface. The nasa... Read More about Using nasal curves matching for expression robust 3D nose recognition.

BRDF estimation for faces from a sparse dataset using a neural network (2013)
Presentation / Conference
Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G., & Smith, M. (2013, August). BRDF estimation for faces from a sparse dataset using a neural network. Paper presented at Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns, CAIP 2013, York, UK

We present a novel �ve source near-infrared photometric stereo 3D face capture device. The accuracy of the system is demonstrated by a comparison with ground truth from a commercial 3D scanner. We also use the data from the �ve captured images to mo... Read More about BRDF estimation for faces from a sparse dataset using a neural network.

Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation (2013)
Journal Article
Smith, L. N., Smith, M. L., Hansen, M. F., Atkinson, G. A., Zafeiriou, S., Atkinson, G., …Smith, L. (2013). Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 8(1), 121-135. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2012.2224109

This paper presents a new database suitable for both 2-D and 3-D face recognition based on photometric stereo (PS): the Photoface database. The database was collected using a custom-made four-source PS device designed to enable data capture with mini... Read More about Face recognition and verification using photometric stereo: The photoface database and a comprehensive evaluation.