Reaction-diffusion controllers for robots (2009)
Book Chapter
Adamatzky, A., de Lacy Costello, B., & Yokoi, H. (2009). Reaction-diffusion controllers for robots. In A. Adamatzky, & M. Komosinski (Eds.), Artificial Life Models in Hardware (233-264). London: Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-530-7_11

Excitable systems, particularly spatially extended media, exhibit a wide variety of travelling patterns and different modes of interaction. The Belousov-Zhabo-tinsky [1] (BZ) reaction is the most well known and extensively studied example of non-line... Read More about Reaction-diffusion controllers for robots.

Analysis of faecal volatile organic compounds in preterm infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis: A pilot study (2009)
Journal Article
Garner, C. E., Ewer, A. K., Elasouad, K., Power, F., Greenwood, R., Ratcliffe, N. M., …Probert, C. S. (2009). Analysis of faecal volatile organic compounds in preterm infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis: A pilot study. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 49(5), 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181a3bfbc

OBJECTIVE:: To determine differences in the profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in faecal samples from preterm infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) compared with non-NEC controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Daily faecal samples... Read More about Analysis of faecal volatile organic compounds in preterm infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis: A pilot study.

On dynamical genetic programming: Simple Boolean networks in learning classifier systems (2009)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2009). On dynamical genetic programming: Simple Boolean networks in learning classifier systems. International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 24(5), 421-442. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445760802660387

Many representations have been presented to enable the effective evolution of computer programs. Turing was perhaps the first to present a general scheme by which to achieve this end. Significantly, Turing proposed a form of discrete dynamical system... Read More about On dynamical genetic programming: Simple Boolean networks in learning classifier systems.

Genetic approaches to search for computing patterns in cellular automata (2009)
Journal Article
Sapin, E., Bull, L., & Adamatzky, A. (2009). Genetic approaches to search for computing patterns in cellular automata. IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine, 4(3), 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCI.2009.933097

The emergence of collision based computing in complex systems with local interactions is discussed. Simulations of logic gates have been inspired by the simulation of an AND gate by the Game of Life. The evolutionary algorithm is also used to modify... Read More about Genetic approaches to search for computing patterns in cellular automata.

Computer music meets unconventional computing: Towards sound synthesis with in vitro neuronal networks (2009)
Journal Article
Miranda, E. R., Bull, L., Gueguen, F., & Uroukov, I. S. (2009). Computer music meets unconventional computing: Towards sound synthesis with in vitro neuronal networks. Computer Music Journal, 33(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1162/comj.2009.33.1.9

The feasibility of synthesizing sounds with hybrid wetware-silicon devices has been explored with the use of in vitro neuronal networks. The basics of culturing brain cells has been introduced while the procedures that has been established to stimula... Read More about Computer music meets unconventional computing: Towards sound synthesis with in vitro neuronal networks.

A kinematic model of a self-replicating programmable constructing machine (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Stevens, W. (2009, September). A kinematic model of a self-replicating programmable constructing machine. Poster presented at ECAL 2009 10th European Conference on Artificial Life, Budapest, Hungary

To date, research into the implementation of autonomous self-replicating systems has focused either on highly abstract logical models, or on physical systems that are deliberately engineered in some way so as to make the problem more tractable [1]. T... Read More about A kinematic model of a self-replicating programmable constructing machine.

Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction (2009)
Journal Article
Toth, R., Stone, C., Adamatzky, A., de Lacy Costello, B., & Bull, L. (2009). Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 41(4), 1605-1615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2008.07.001

We present experimental verification of wave fragment collisions in the sub-excitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky medium observed previously in simulation [Adamatzky A, De Lacy Costello B. Binary collisions between wave fragments in a sub-excitable Belousov... Read More about Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction.

Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction (2009)
Journal Article
Toth, R., Stone, C., Adamatzky, A., de Lacy Costello, B., & Bull, L. (2009). Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 41(4), 1605-1615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2008.07.001

Using the examples of an excitable chemical system (the Belousov–Zhabotinsky medium) and plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum we show that universal computation in a geometrically unconstrained medium is only possible when resources (excitability or c... Read More about Experimental validation of binary collisions between wave fragments in the photosensitive Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction.

Genetic approaches to search for computing patterns in cellular automata (2009)
Journal Article
Sapin, E., Bull, L., & Adamatzky, A. (2009). Genetic approaches to search for computing patterns in cellular automata. IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine, 4(3), 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCI.2009.933097

Evolution of cellular automata with memory: The Density Classification Task (2009)
Journal Article
Stone, C., & Bull, L. (2009). Evolution of cellular automata with memory: The Density Classification Task. BioSystems, 97(2), 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.05.001

The Density Classification Task is a well known test problem for two-state discrete dynamical systems. For many years researchers have used a variety of evolutionary computation approaches to evolve solutions to this problem. In this paper, we invest... Read More about Evolution of cellular automata with memory: The Density Classification Task.

On dynamical genetic programming: Random boolean networks in learning classifier systems (2009)
Journal Article
Bull, L., & Preen, R. (2009). On dynamical genetic programming: Random boolean networks in learning classifier systems. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 5481 LNCS, 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01181-8_4

Many representations have been presented to enable the effective evolution of computer programs. Turing was perhaps the first to present a general scheme by which to achieve this end. Significantly, Turing proposed a form of discrete dynamical system... Read More about On dynamical genetic programming: Random boolean networks in learning classifier systems.

Discrete dynamical genetic programming in XCS (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Preen, R., & Bull, L. (2009, July). Discrete dynamical genetic programming in XCS. Paper presented at 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, Montreal, Canada

A number of representation schemes have been presented for use within Learning Classifier Systems, ranging from binary encodings to neural networks. This paper presents results from an investigation into using a discrete dynamical system representati... Read More about Discrete dynamical genetic programming in XCS.

Complex dynamics of cellular automata emerging in chaotic rules (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Martinez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & Alonso-Sanz, R. (2009, June). Complex dynamics of cellular automata emerging in chaotic rules. Presented at The 3rd International Conference on Complex Systems and Applications, Le Havré University, Normandy, France

We show novel techniques of analysing complex dynamics of cellular automata (CA) with chaotic behaviour. CA are well known computational substrates for studying emergent collective behaviour, complexity, randomness and interaction between order and d... Read More about Complex dynamics of cellular automata emerging in chaotic rules.

On complexity of chaotic elementary cellular automaton with memory: Rule 126 (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Martinez, G. J. (2009, June). On complexity of chaotic elementary cellular automaton with memory: Rule 126. Presented at Summer Solstice 2009 International Conference on Discrete Models of Complex Systems, Gdansk University, Gdansk, Poland

Using Rule 126 elementary cellular automaton (ECA) we will demonstrate that a chaotic discrete system -- when enriched with memory -- exhibits complex dynamics. To quantify complexity of Rule 126 ECA with memory we study what types dynamics construct... Read More about On complexity of chaotic elementary cellular automaton with memory: Rule 126.

Towards continuous actions in continuous space and time using self-adaptive constructivism in neural XCSF (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Howard, G. D., Bull, L., & Lanzi, P. L. (2009, June). Towards continuous actions in continuous space and time using self-adaptive constructivism in neural XCSF. Paper presented at 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, Montreal, Canada

Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules (2009)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A. (2009). Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 40(2), 981-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2007.08.085

Every cell of two-dimensional cellular automaton with eight-cell neighborhood takes three states: resting, excited and refractory, and updates excited to refractory and refractory to resting states unconditionally. A resting cell excites depending on... Read More about Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules.

The measurement of breath volatiles for correlation with blood glucose levels and an assessment of their usefulness in diagnosing and managing diabetes (2009)
Presentation / Conference
de Lacy Costello, B., Ewen, R., Garner, K., Probert, C., Ratcliffe, N. M., & Stevens, S. (2009, April). The measurement of breath volatiles for correlation with blood glucose levels and an assessment of their usefulness in diagnosing and managing diabetes. Paper presented at BREATH 2009 International Conference on Breath and Breath Odor Research, Dortmund, Germany

Analyses of volatile organic compounds to diagnose clostridium difficile and campylobacter (2009)
Presentation / Conference
de Lacy Costello, B., Ewen, R., Garner, C., Greenwood, R., Osborne, A., Probert, C., …Smith, S. (2009, April). Analyses of volatile organic compounds to diagnose clostridium difficile and campylobacter. Paper presented at BREATH 2009 International Conference on Breath and Breath Odor Research, Dortmund, Germany

'A simple, low-cost device for the collection of volatile organic compounds in patients' breath and the hospital bedside (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Stevens, S., de Lacy Costello, B., Ewen, R., Khalid, T., Probert, C., & Ratcliffe, N. M. (2009, April). 'A simple, low-cost device for the collection of volatile organic compounds in patients' breath and the hospital bedside. Paper presented at BREATH 2009 International Conference on Breath and Breath Odor Research, Dortmund, Germany

Volatiles from oral anaerobes (2009)
Presentation / Conference
Khalid, T., Ratcliffe, N. M., de Lacy Costello, B., Greenman, J., & Saad, S. (2009, April). Volatiles from oral anaerobes. Paper presented at BREATH 2009 International Conference on Breath and Breath Odor Research, Dortmund Germany