Cytochrome P450 2B6 amperometric biosensor for continuous monitoring of propofol

Ferrier, David; Kiely, Janice; Luxton, Richard

Abstract

Despite the growing evidence of improved patient outcomes and of a substantially reduced environmental impact of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia when compared to volatile-based techniques, the vast majority of general anesthetics still use volatile agents for the maintenance phase. A significant reason for this is the lack of suitable point-of-care, real-time blood propofol measurement techniques. Here we present an enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of propofol. Deactivated yeast cells expressing the enzyme cytochrome P450 2B6 are immobilized, alongside gold nanoparticles, within a chitosan film upon the surface of a screen printed electrode. In the presence of the cofactor NADPH, the enzyme converts propofol to a quinone/quinol redox pair that can be detected using simple electrochemistry. This approach avoids the issue of electrode fouling that commonly renders electrochemical propofol sensors impractical. The sensor has a limit of detection of 67 ± 7 ng/ml and a sensitivity of 4.2 ± 0.2 nA/μg/ml/mm2. It has been successfully demonstrated in a serum-like solution and has shown a linear response across the therapeutic range of propofol (1 – 10 μg/ml). Additionally, the sensor has shown good specificity with regards to potential interfering compounds.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 10, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Sep 13, 2021
• Publication Date: Nov 1, 2021
• Deposit Date: Sep 22, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Sep 22, 2021
• Journal: IEEE Sensors Journal
• Print ISSN: 1530-437X
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 21
• Issue: 21
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3112273
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/7817070