Effect of breed on fatty acid composition and lipogenic enzyme abundance in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of pigs

Marriott, Duncan T.; Chevillon, Patrick; Spencer-Phillips, Peter T.N.; Doran, Olena

Abstract

This study investigated the role of lipogenic enzyme expression in breed-specific fat deposition in pigs. Objectives: (i) determine effect of breed on the relative abundance of the key lipogenic enzymes stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), delta-6 desaturase (Δ6D), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in pig subcutaneous adipose tissue. (ii) Investigate breed-specific relationships between lipogenic enzyme abundance and fatty acid composition. Large White × Piétrain, Piétrain, and Duroc × Piétrain pigs were used. Expression of SCD, Δ6D, and FAS was analyzed by Western blotting. Fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. FAS protein in Large White × Piétrain pigs was similar to the Piétrain breed, but was significantly higher than Duroc × Piétrain. A positive relationship was found between FAS abundance and the saturated fatty acids (SFAs), for Large White × Piétrain pigs, but not for the other breeds. Δ6D was significantly higher in Large White × Piétrain compared with Duroc × Piétrain and Piétrain. This was accompanied by significantly higher total n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the Large White × Piétrain when compared to the other breeds. Conclusions: (i) increased subcutaneous adipose tissue SFA content in Large White × Piétrain pigs (but not Piétrain and Duroc × Piétrain) is related to increased abundance of FAS protein; (ii) high n-3 PUFA content in Large White × Piétrain pigs is related to activation of Δ6D protein synthesis; (iii) SCD and Δ6D abundance does not contribute to between-breed differences in MUFA and n-6 PUFA content of pig subcutaneous adipose tissue. © 2013 Institute of Food Technologists®.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Publication Date: Aug 1, 2013
• Journal: Journal of Food Science
• Print ISSN: 0022-1147
• Electronic ISSN: 1750-3841
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 78
• Issue: 8
• Pages: C1130-C1135
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12191
• Keywords: breed, fatty acid composition, lipogenic enzymes, pig, protein abundance, subcutaneous fat
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/939403
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12191
• Related Public URLs: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1750-3841.12191/pdf