Parametric and non-parametric tests for the comparison of two samples which both include paired and unpaired observations (2019)
Journal Article

Samples that include both independent and paired observations cause a dilemma for researchers that covers the full breadth of empirical research. Parametric approaches for the comparison of two samples using all available observations are considered,... Read More about Parametric and non-parametric tests for the comparison of two samples which both include paired and unpaired observations.

Young carers in England: Findings from the 2018 BBC survey on the prevalence and nature of caring among young people (2019)
Journal Article

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Many young people are involved in caring for parents, siblings, or other relatives who have an illness or disability. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of caring by young people in England... Read More about Young carers in England: Findings from the 2018 BBC survey on the prevalence and nature of caring among young people.

Feeding tube securement in critical illness: Implications for safety (2018)
Journal Article

© 2018 MA Healthcare Ltd Over 50% of tape-secured feeding tubes are inadvertently lost. The impact of nasal bridle securement on nasogastric (NG) and nasointestinal (NI) tube loss, outcome and duration of use was determined from 1 October 2014 (NG) a... Read More about Feeding tube securement in critical illness: Implications for safety.

Time to Initial Debridement and wound Excision (TIDE) in severe open tibial fractures and related clinical outcome: A multi-centre study (2018)
Journal Article

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Background: Recent national (NICE) guidelines in England recommend that initial debridement and wound excision of open tibial fractures take place within 12 h of the time of injury, a change from the previous target of 24 h. This... Read More about Time to Initial Debridement and wound Excision (TIDE) in severe open tibial fractures and related clinical outcome: A multi-centre study.

Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations (2018)
Journal Article

Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations are explored using simulation. New solutions which make use of all of the available data are put forward. These new approaches are... Read More about Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations.

The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design (2017)
Journal Article

The effect of systematically altering the value of a single observation within a paired differences design is considered. A paradox is observed for the paired samples t-test, where increasing the value of an observation in the direction of the true m... Read More about The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design.

Help! Is my sample big enough? (2017)
Journal Article

© 2017 The Royal Statistical Society Anne Beeston writes: I am planning a study to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment to reduce the microbial load in dried flowers, and need some advice on sample size to allow the determination of statistically sig... Read More about Help! Is my sample big enough?.

Stroke: Ineffective tube securement reduces nutrition and drug treatment (2017)
Journal Article

© 2017 MA Healthcare Ltd. Stroke patients with dysphagia often depend on nutrition, hydration and medication via nasogastric (NG) feeding tubes. Securing tubes using tape is associated with repeated tube loss. In this study, the authors determined ca... Read More about Stroke: Ineffective tube securement reduces nutrition and drug treatment.

Scrambled statistics: What are the chances of finding multi-yolk eggs? (2016)
Journal Article

© 2016 The Royal Statistical Society Journalists ask a lot of questions of statisticians, but some are more bizarre than others. Statistical ambassador Deirdre Toher recounts one such experience.

A randomised controlled feasibility and proof-of-concept trial in delayedgastric emptying when metoclopramide fails: We should revisitnasointestinal feeding versus dual prokinetic treatment: Achieving goal nutrition in critical illness and delayed gastric emptying: Trial of nasointestinal feeding versus nasogastric feeding plus prokinetics (2016)
Journal Article

© 2016 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Background & aims Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) commonly limits the use of enteral nutrition (EN) and may increase ventilator-associated pneumonia. Nasointestinal feeding has not been tes... Read More about A randomised controlled feasibility and proof-of-concept trial in delayedgastric emptying when metoclopramide fails: We should revisitnasointestinal feeding versus dual prokinetic treatment: Achieving goal nutrition in critical illness and delayed gastric emptying: Trial of nasointestinal feeding versus nasogastric feeding plus prokinetics.

Why Welch’s test is Type I error robust (2016)
Journal Article

The comparison of two means is one of the most commonly applied statistical procedures in psychology. The independent samples t-test corrected for unequal variances is commonly known as Welch’s test, and is widely considered to be a robust alternativ... Read More about Why Welch’s test is Type I error robust.

Test statistics for comparing two proportions with partially overlapping samples (2015)
Journal Article

Standard tests for comparing two sample proportions of a dichotomous dependent variable where there is a combination of paired and unpaired samples are considered. Four new tests are introduced and compared against standard tests and an alternative p... Read More about Test statistics for comparing two proportions with partially overlapping samples.

Nasogastric tube depth: The 'NEX' guideline is incorrect (2014)
Journal Article

© 2014 MA Healthcare Ltd. Misplacing 17-23% of nasogastric (NG) tubes above the stomach (Rollins et al, 2012; Rayner, 2013) represents a serious risk in terms of aspiration, further invasive (tube) procedures, irradiation from failed X-ray confirmati... Read More about Nasogastric tube depth: The 'NEX' guideline is incorrect.

Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Cells and Tissues: Triple Helix Proteins as a Potential Biomarker for Tumors (2013)
Journal Article

In this work, the infrared (IR) spectra of living neural cells in suspension, native brain tissue, and native brain tumor tissue were investigated. Methods were developed to overcome the strong IR signal of liquid water so that the signal from the ce... Read More about Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Cells and Tissues: Triple Helix Proteins as a Potential Biomarker for Tumors.