Long-term follow-up for mortality and cancer in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 and/or calcium (RECORD Trial)

MacLennan, Graeme S.; McDonald, Alison M.; Grant, Adrian M.; Khaw, K. T.; Eastell, R.; Marsh, D.; McDonald, GM; Pant, Puspa Raj; Grant, Adrian; Avenell, Alison; Jenkinson, David J.; McPherson, Gladys C.; Campbell, Marion K.; Anderson, Frazer H.; Cooper, Cyrus; Francis, Roger M.; Gillespie, William J.; Robinson, C. Michael; Torgerson, David J.; Wallace, W. Angus

Abstract

Context: Vitamin D or calcium supplementation may have effects on vascular disease and cancer. Objective: Our objective was to investigate whether vitamin D or calcium supplementation affects mortality, vascular disease, and cancer in older people. Design and Setting: The study included long-term follow-up of participants in a two by two factorial, randomized controlled trial from 21 orthopedic centers in the United Kingdom. Participants: Participants were 5292 people (85% women) aged at least 70 yr with previous low-trauma fracture. Interventions: Participants were randomly allocated to daily vitamin D 3 (800 IU), calcium (1000 mg), both, or placebo for 24-62 months, with a follow-up of 3 yr after intervention. Main Outcome Measures: All-cause mortality, vascular disease mortality, cancer mortality, and cancer incidence were evaluated. Results: In intention-to-treat analyses, mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.85-1.02], vascular disease mortality (HR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.79-1.05), cancer mortality (HR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.68-1.06), and cancer incidence (HR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.92-1.25) did not differ significantly between participants allocated vitamin D and those not. All-cause mortality (HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.94-1.13), vascular disease mortality (HR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.92-1.24), cancer mortality (HR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.91-1.40), and cancer incidence (HR = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.91-1.23) also did not differ significantly between participants allocated calcium and those not. In a post hoc statistical analysis adjusting for compliance, thus with fewer participants, trends for reduced mortality with vitamin D and increased mortality with calcium were accentuated, although all results remain nonsignificant. Conclusions: Daily vitamin D or calcium supplementation did not affect mortality, vascular disease, cancer mortality, or cancer incidence. Copyright © 2012 by The Endocrine Society.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Publication Date: Feb 1, 2012
• Journal: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Print ISSN: 0021-972X
• Electronic ISSN: 1945-7197
• Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 97
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 614-622
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1309
• Keywords: cancer, randomized controlled trial, RCT, vitamin D3, calcium
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/957478
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1309
• Additional Information: Corporate Creators : RECORD Trial Group