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Dual Action Additives for Jet A-1: Fuel Dehydrating Icing Inhibitors

Repetto, Sonia L.; Lam, Joseph K.W.; Repetto, Sonia; Patel, Rishi; Johnson, Tim; Lam, J-KW; Costello, James F.; Chuck, Christopher J.

Authors

Sonia L. Repetto

Joseph K.W. Lam

Sonia Repetto

Rishi Patel

Tim Johnson

J-KW Lam

Christopher J. Chuck



Abstract

© 2016 American Chemical Society. A novel approach for protecting jet fuel against the effects of water contamination based upon Fuel Dehydrating Icing Inhibitors (FDII) is presented. This dual-action strategy is predicated on the addition of a fuel-soluble water scavenger that undergoes a kinetically fast hydrolysis reaction with free water to produce a hydrophilic ice inhibitor, thereby further militating against the effects of water crystallization. Criteria for an optimum FDII were identified and then used to screen a range of potential water-scavenging agents, which led to a closer examination of systems based upon exo/endo-cyclic ketals and both endo- and exo-cyclic ortho esters. The ice inhibition properties of the subsequent products of the hydrolysis reaction in Jet A-1 were screened by differential scanning calorimetry. The hydrolysis products of 2-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane demonstrate similar ice inhibition performance to DiEGME over a range of blend levels. The calorific values for the products of hydrolysis were also investigated, and it is clear that there would be a significant fuel saving on use of the additive over current fuel system icing inhibitors. Finally, three promising candidates, 2-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-dioxane, and 2-methoxy-2,4,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, were shown to effectively dehydrate Jet A-1 at room temperature over a 2 h period.

Citation

Lam, J. K., Repetto, S. L., Repetto, S., Patel, R., Johnson, T., Costello, J. F., …Chuck, C. J. (2016). Dual Action Additives for Jet A-1: Fuel Dehydrating Icing Inhibitors. Energy and Fuels, 30(11), 9080-9088. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01727

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 22, 2016
Online Publication Date Oct 12, 2016
Publication Date Nov 17, 2016
Journal Energy and Fuels
Print ISSN 0887-0624
Electronic ISSN 1520-5029
Publisher American Chemical Society
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 30
Issue 11
Pages 9080-9088
DOI https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01727
Keywords fuel, dehydrating, icing inhibitors
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/922627
Publisher URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01727
Additional Information Additional Information : This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Energy and Fuels, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01727

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