Development of an Indoor Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Module for Autonomous Sensors in Building Air Quality Applications

Yue, Xicai; Kauer, Matthias; Bellanger, Mathieu; Beard, Oliver; Brownlow, Mike; Gibson, Des; Clark, Caspar; MacGregor, Calum; Song, Shigeng

Abstract

© 2017 IEEE. A 50 mm × 20 mm × 15 mm indoor photovoltaic (PV) energy harvesting power module (IPEHPM) has been developed for powering an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor node containing a low-power CO 2 sensor for automatic building ventilation. It is composed of a high efficiency PV energy harvesting module and a supercapacitor to produce 3.6-4.2 V output voltage with 100 mA pulse current for up to 600 ms. Storage efficiency analysis and storage efficiency tests of the IPEHPM have demonstrated that with the adopted simple power management scheme, which exempts the commonly used power management blocks of the voltage regulator and the maximum power point tracking to save power, 88.7% average storage efficiency has been achieved at 200 lux. With the newly established PV powering model, the power consumption requirements of an IoT node can be directly converted into the illumination requirements of the PV energy harvester, making the IPEHPM easy to use. IPEHPM powered IoT experiments with a low-power CO 2 gas sensor have demonstrated that the IPEHPM is suitable for IoT-based building ventilation applications, where the CO 2 concentration level is measured every 150 s at the indoor lighting condition down to 200 lux.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 11, 2017
• Publication Date: Dec 1, 2017
• Deposit Date: Sep 26, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Sep 26, 2017
• Journal: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
• Print ISSN: 2327-4662
• Electronic ISSN: 2327-4662
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 4
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 2092-2103
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2017.2754981
• Keywords: internet of things, IoT, photovoltaic, energy harvesting, supercapacitor, self-discharge, power management, maximum power point tracking, low-power CO2 sensor, MPPT
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/880808
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2017.2754981
• Additional Information: Additional Information : (c) 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.
• Contract Date: Sep 26, 2017