Surface modification of microbial fuel cells anodes: Approaches to practical design

Schuler, Andrew J.; Atanassov, Plamen; Artyushkova, Kateryna; Babanova, Sofia; Grattieri, Matteo; Li, Baikun; Wang, Xiujun; Zhou, Xiuxiu; Zhou, Jun; Li, Baitao; Santoro, Carlo

Abstract

Anode modification was explored as an approach to enhance the startup and improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated with mixed cultures for wastewater treatment. Carbon cloth (CC) anodes were modified by electrochemical oxidation in three electrolytes: nitric acid + sulfuric acid (CC-NS), ammonium nitrate (CC-AN), and ammonium sulfate (CC-AS). The acidic modification of the anode material increased in the ratio of saturated/unsaturated carbon on the surface and consequently, a decrease in electrode resistance was observed. A linear dependence between the MFCs operational characteristics and the anodes resistance (R2 ≥ 0.9) indicated the dominating role of this parameter.This modification also enhanced the bacterial attachment (wet and dry biomass) and biofilm formation.CC-NS, CC-AS and CC-AN anodes accelerated the start up period of the MFCs and demonstrated highercurrent and power compared to the unmodified CC. The differences in MFCs electrochemical behaviortended to decrease with time. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to identify the parametershaving major influence on the system performance, and the results underlined the positive effect of thesurface modification on the MFCs output due to increases in the amounts of unsaturated and oxidizedcarbon, Electrochemical Accessible Surface Area (ECSA) and bacterial attachment. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 23, 2014
• Publication Date: Jul 10, 2014
• Deposit Date: May 1, 2018
• Journal: Electrochimica Acta
• Print ISSN: 0013-4686
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 134
• Pages: 116-126
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.136
• Keywords: microbial fuel cells, electrochemical oxidation, bacterial attachment, anode polarization, start up
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/817863
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.136
• Contract Date: May 1, 2018