The efficacy of biodiversity and ecosystem assessment approaches for informing a regenerative approach to built development

Cianchi, Ben; Everard, Mark; Gething, Bill; Cooke, Rob; Ginepro, Martino

Abstract

The built environment, even at its “greenest,” inevitably entails changing ecosystem structure and function. Multiple sustainable development tools and approaches are available to reduce environmental harm from built development. However, the reality that society exists within fully integrated socioecological systems, wholly interdependent on supporting ecosystems, is not yet adequately represented in regulation or supporting tools. Regenerative development seeks to address this interdependence in part by improving the health of supporting socioecological systems through the development process. We demonstrate the relevance of a series of approaches—Local Nature-Related Planning Policy (LNRPP), Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG), the Environmental Benefits from Nature Tool (EBN Tool), Nature Assessment Tool for Urban and Rural Environments (NATURE Tool), and Rapid Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Services+ (RAWES+)—for their ability to meet their stated aims and objectives and how these relate to wider regenerative themes. A comparative analysis of the five approaches is done by applying them to a practical case study site, resulting in policy- and practice-relevant learning and recommendations. The research reveals current gaps in methodology, which can lead to adverse outcomes for sustainability. This is particularly clear for the spatial and temporal scales across which each approach operates. In addition, this research discusses the inherent limitations of taking a reductionist approach to examining complex systems.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 10, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Jul 12, 2023
• Publication Date: Jan 31, 2024
• Deposit Date: Sep 26, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 17, 2024
• Journal: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
• Print ISSN: 1551-3777
• Electronic ISSN: 1551-3793
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 248-262
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4811
• Keywords: General Environmental Science, General Medicine, Geography, Planning and Development
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/10985633