A contemporary review of collaborative robotics employed in manufacturing finishing operations: Recent progress and future directions

Wang, Ke; Ding, Lian; Dailami, Farid; Matthews, Jason

Abstract

The final phase of the manufacturing process for any artefact involves their surface finishing operations. This phase entails the precise removal of small volumes of material to achieve a specific surface roughness, which is essential for ensuring the artefact’s post-production performance and endurance. For certain tooling, such as molds and dies, the finishing operation can be particularly significant, often equating to fifty percent of the total production time and a fifth of the overall manufacturing cost. In recent years, collaborative robotics has come to the fore. These advanced systems allow manufacturers to harness the positive attributes of robots, such as their repeatability, endurance, and strength, while simultaneously leveraging the unique benefits of human workers, including their process knowledge, problem-solving abilities, and adaptability. This co-operation between human and robotic capabilities has opened new avenues for efficiency and precision in the finishing process. This paper investigates the current advancements in collaborative robotic finishing, providing a comprehensive overview of the latest technologies and methodologies. It also highlights existing research gaps that need to be addressed to further enhance the effectiveness of these systems. Additionally, the paper suggests potential areas for future investigation, aiming to drive continued innovation and improvement in the field of collaborative robotic finishing operations.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Aug 21, 2025
• Online Publication Date: Aug 28, 2025
• Publication Date: Aug 28, 2025
• Deposit Date: Aug 30, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Sep 2, 2025
• Journal: Machines
• Electronic ISSN: 2075-1702
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 9
• Article Number: 772
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13090772
• Keywords: collaborative robotics; Cobot; human–robot interaction; finishing operations; literature review
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/14946738