IEEE international conference on Icess Irene Reba Biju and Dr. Sunny Atuba dual mode using sensor and forcast integration

Atuba, Sunday; Biju, Irene

Abstract

Water scarcity continues to hinder sustainable agriculture and urban green space development due to inefficient and outdated irrigation techniques. This work presents the design and implementation of a low-cost, open-source smart irrigation system using the Arduino Uno R4 Wi-Fi microcontroller. The system is equipped with a resistive soil moisture sensor, a relay-controlled water pump, and a push button for selecting between three operational modes: Indoor, Outdoor, and OFF. The Indoor Mode uses soil moisture readings alone to automate irrigation, while the Outdoor Mode enhances decision-making by integrating real-time weather forecasts from the OpenWeatherMap API, enabling the system to postpone irrigation when rainfall is predicted. According to the test results, there exists a negative correlation between the sensor readings and the moisture level, and the sensor was more stable in dry conditions but experienced high variability for wetter conditions possibly due to saturation effects or sensitivity to small moisture variations. The system was able to interpret sensor readings, switch modes with reliability, and save water by turning off irrigation when rain is predicted. This flexible, modular strategy shows how smart irrigation may be scaled in different situations, resulting in less human involvement in regular plant care and more effective water management.

• Presentation Conference Type: Presentation / Talk
• Conference Name: 2025 IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)
• Start Date: Aug 13, 2025
• End Date: Aug 15, 2025
• Deposit Date: Aug 23, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 27, 2025
• Print ISSN: 1557-170X
• Peer Reviewed: Not Peer Reviewed
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/14836268