Efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab on diabetic macular oedema in an African population

Kyei, Samuel; Asare, Frederick Afum; Assan, John Kwesi; Zaabaar, Ebenezer; Assiamah, Frank; Obeng, Eric Obour; Asiedu, Kofi

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the short-term effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) injection on visual outcomes of patients with diabetic macular oedema.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate 39 eyes of thirty-nine patients (mean age ± SD: 61.4 ± 15.0 years) that received intravitreal bevacizumab injection (1.25 mg in 0.05 ml) as treatment for diabetic macular oedema between January 2014 and July 2019 in Ghana. Data on visual acuity and central macular thickness before treatment and 6 weeks post-treatment were collected and analysed using paired t-test. Ordinary least squares linear regression analysis was also conducted to determine the relationship between improvement in visual acuity and central macular thickness after treatment and other predictor variables.

Results
The mean ± SD visual acuity (LogMAR-equivalent of Snellen) of patients with diabetic macular oedema significantly improved from 0.84 ± 0.58 LogMAR before treatment to 0.69 ± 0.58 LogMAR at 6 weeks post-treatment (mean difference: 0.15 ± 0.32 LogMAR; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.25; p = 0.01). Mean macular thickness ± SD on the other hand, reduced significantly (p < 0.001) from 316.54 ± 75.35 μm before treatment to 275.54 ± 57.43 μm after treatment. While age and worse pre-treatment visual acuity predicted improvement in visual acuity after treatment, a higher central macular thickness before treatment predicted an improvement in central macular thickness after intravitreal bevacizumab injection.

Conclusion
Treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab injection produces short-term improvement in vision and reduction in central macular thickness in African patients with diabetic macular oedema.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 19, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Mar 29, 2023
• Publication Date: 2023-12
• Deposit Date: Oct 10, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 11, 2024
• Journal: Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)
• Print ISSN: 0021-1265
• Electronic ISSN: 1863-4362
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 192
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 2777-2783
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-023-03348-z
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/13278637