Spatial integration framework of solar, wind, and hydropower energy potential in Southeast Asia

Sakti, Anjar Dimara; Rohayani, Pitri; Izzah, Nurusshobah Ainul; Toya, Nur Afrizal; Hadi, Pradita Octoviandiningrum; Octavianti, Thanti; Harjupa, Wendi; Caraka, Rezzy Eko; Kim, Yunho; Avtar, Ram; Puttanapong, Nattapong; Lin, Chao-Hung; Wikantika, Ketut

Abstract

Amid its massive increase in energy demand, Southeast Asia has pledged to increase its use of renewable energy by up to 23% by 2025. Geospatial technology approaches that integrate statistical data, spatial models, earth observation satellite data, and climate modeling can be used to conduct strategic analyses for understanding the potential and efficiency of renewable energy development. This study aims to create the first spatial model of its kind in Southeast Asia to develop multi-renewable energy from solar, wind, and hydropower, further broken down into residential and agricultural areas. The novelty of this study is the development of a new priority model for renewable energy development resulting from the integration of area suitability analysis and the estimation of the amount of potential energy. Areas with high potential power estimations for the combination of the three types of energy are mostly located in northern Southeast Asia. Areas close to the equator, have a lower potential than the northern countries, except for southern regions. Solar photovoltaic (PV) plant construction is the most area-intensive type of energy generation among the considered energy sources, requiring 143,901,600ha (61.71%), followed by wind (39,618,300ha; 16.98%); a combination of solar PV and wind (37,302,500ha; 16%); hydro (7,665,200ha; 3.28%); a combination of hydro and solar PV (3,792,500ha; 1.62%); and a combination of hydro and wind (582,700ha; 0.25%). This study is timely and important because it will inform policies and regional strategies for transitioning to renewable energy, with consideration of the different characteristics present in Southeast Asia.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 1, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Jan 7, 2023
• Deposit Date: Jan 23, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 24, 2023
• Journal: Scientific Reports
• Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
• Publisher: Nature Research (part of Springer Nature)
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 340
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25570-y
• Keywords: Article, /639/4077/909, /704/106/694/682, /704/172/4081, article
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/10344541
• Publisher URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-25570-y