All Outputs (24)

Leveraging activation and optimisation layers as dynamic strategies in the multi-task fuzzing scheme (2025)
Journal Article

Fuzzing is a common technique for identifying vulnerabilities in software. Recent approaches, like She et al.’s Multi-Task Fuzzing (MTFuzz), use neural networks to improve fuzzing efficiency. However, key elements like network architecture and hyperp... Read More about Leveraging activation and optimisation layers as dynamic strategies in the multi-task fuzzing scheme.

An explainable ensemble-based intrusion detection system for software-defined vehicle ad-hoc networks (2025)
Journal Article

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are widely employed to detect and mitigate external network security events. Vehicle ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) continue to evolve, especially with developments related to Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs). In this... Read More about An explainable ensemble-based intrusion detection system for software-defined vehicle ad-hoc networks.

GoibhniUWE: A lightweight and modular container-based cyber range (2024)
Journal Article

Cyberattacks are rapidly evolving both in terms of techniques and frequency, from low-level attacks through to sophisticated Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). There is a need to consider how testbed environments such as cyber ranges can be readily... Read More about GoibhniUWE: A lightweight and modular container-based cyber range.

Vulnerability detection through machine learning-based fuzzing: A systematic review (2024)
Journal Article

Modern software and networks underpin our digital society, yet the rapid growth of vulnerabilities that are uncovered within these threaten our cyber security posture. Addressing these issues at scale requires automated proactive approaches that can... Read More about Vulnerability detection through machine learning-based fuzzing: A systematic review.

Longitudinal risk-based security assessment of docker software container images (2023)
Journal Article

As the use of software containerisation has increased, so too has the need for security research on their usage, with various surveys and studies conducted to assess the overall security posture of software container images. To date, there has been v... Read More about Longitudinal risk-based security assessment of docker software container images.

Teaching offensive and defensive cyber security in schools using a Raspberry Pi Cyber Range (2023)
Journal Article

Computer Science as a subject is now appearing in more school curricula for GCSE and A level, with a growing demand for cyber security to be embedded within this teaching. Yet, teachers face challenges with limited time and resource for preparing pra... Read More about Teaching offensive and defensive cyber security in schools using a Raspberry Pi Cyber Range.

Defending against adversarial machine learning attacks using hierarchical learning: A case study on network traffic attack classification (2022)
Journal Article

Machine learning is key for automated detection of malicious network activity to ensure that computer networks and organizations are protected against cyber security attacks. Recently, there has been growing interest in the domain of adversarial mach... Read More about Defending against adversarial machine learning attacks using hierarchical learning: A case study on network traffic attack classification.

Functionality-preserving adversarial machine learning for robust classification in cybersecurity and intrusion detection domains: A survey (2022)
Journal Article

Machine learning has become widely adopted as a strategy for dealing with a variety of cybersecurity issues, ranging from insider threat detection to intrusion and malware detection. However, by their very nature, machine learning systems can introdu... Read More about Functionality-preserving adversarial machine learning for robust classification in cybersecurity and intrusion detection domains: A survey.

Investigating malware propagation and behaviour using system and network pixel-based visualisation (2021)
Journal Article

Malicious software, known as malware, is a perpetual game of cat and mouse between malicious software developers and security professionals. Recent years have seen many high profile cyber attacks, including the WannaCry and NotPetya ransomware attack... Read More about Investigating malware propagation and behaviour using system and network pixel-based visualisation.

Investigating anti-evasion malware triggers using automated sandbox reconfiguration techniques (2020)
Journal Article

Malware analysis is fundamental for defending against prevalent cyber security threats and requires a means to deploy and study behavioural software traits as more sophisticated malware is developed. Traditionally, virtual machines are used to provid... Read More about Investigating anti-evasion malware triggers using automated sandbox reconfiguration techniques.

Visual analytics for collaborative human-machine confidence in human-centric active learning tasks (2019)
Journal Article

Active machine learning is a human-centric paradigm that leverages a small labelled dataset to build an initial weak classifier, that can then be improved over time through human-machine collaboration. As new unlabelled samples are observed, the mach... Read More about Visual analytics for collaborative human-machine confidence in human-centric active learning tasks.

Predicting user confidence during visual decision making (2018)
Journal Article

© 2018 ACM People are not infallible consistent “oracles”: their confidence in decision-making may vary significantly between tasks and over time. We have previously reported the benefits of using an interface and algorithms that explicitly captured... Read More about Predicting user confidence during visual decision making.

Glyph visualization: A fail-safe design scheme based on quasi-hamming distances (2017)
Journal Article

© 1981-2012 IEEE. In many spatial and temporal visualization applications, glyphs provide an effective means for encoding multivariate data. However, because glyphs are typically small, they are vulnerable to various perceptual errors. This article i... Read More about Glyph visualization: A fail-safe design scheme based on quasi-hamming distances.

Visual analytics for non-expert users in cyber situation awareness (2016)
Journal Article

Situation awareness is often described as the perception and comprehension of the current situation, and the projection of future status. Whilst this may be well understood in an organisational cybersecurity context, there is a strong case to be made... Read More about Visual analytics for non-expert users in cyber situation awareness.

Automated insider threat detection system using user and role-based profile assessment (2015)
Journal Article

© 2007-2012 IEEE. Organizations are experiencing an ever-growing concern of how to identify and defend against insider threats. Those who have authorized access to sensitive organizational data are placed in a position of power that could well be abu... Read More about Automated insider threat detection system using user and role-based profile assessment.

Knowledge-assisted ranking: A visual analytic application for sports event data (2015)
Journal Article

© 2016 IEEE. Organizing sports video data for performance analysis can be challenging, especially in cases involving multiple attributes and when the criteria for sorting frequently changes depending on the user's task. The proposed visual analytic s... Read More about Knowledge-assisted ranking: A visual analytic application for sports event data.

Feature Neighbourhood Mutual Information for multi-modal image registration: An application to eye fundus imaging (2014)
Journal Article

© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Multi-modal image registration is becoming an increasingly powerful tool for medical diagnosis and treatment. The combination of different image modalities facilitates much greater understanding of the underl... Read More about Feature Neighbourhood Mutual Information for multi-modal image registration: An application to eye fundus imaging.

Visual analytics of e-mail sociolinguistics for user behavioural analysis (2014)
Journal Article

The cyber-security threat that most organisations face is not one that only resides outside their perimeter attempting to get in, but emanates from the inside too. Insider threats encompass anyone or thing which exploits authorised access to company... Read More about Visual analytics of e-mail sociolinguistics for user behavioural analysis.

Towards a conceptual model and reasoning structure for insider threat detection (2013)
Journal Article

The insider threat faced by corporations and governments today is a real and significant problem, and one that has become increasingly difficult to combat as the years have progressed. From a technology standpoint, traditional protective measures suc... Read More about Towards a conceptual model and reasoning structure for insider threat detection.

Transformation of an uncertain video search pipeline to a sketch-based visual analytics loop (2013)
Journal Article

Traditional sketch-based image or video search systems rely on machine learning concepts as their core technology. However, in many applications, machine learning alone is impractical since videos may not be semantically annotated sufficiently, there... Read More about Transformation of an uncertain video search pipeline to a sketch-based visual analytics loop.