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On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Horsfield, I., Mayne, R., Ieropoulos, I. A., & Adamatzky, A. (2016). On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould. Scientific Reports, 6(23924), https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23924

Slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a single cell visible by the unaided eye. Let the slime mould span two electrodes with a single protoplasmic tube: if the tube is heated to approximately ≈40 °C, the electrical resistance of the protoplasmic tube... Read More about On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould.

Emergent behaviors in a bio-inspired platform controlled by a physical cellular automata cluster (2016)
Journal Article
Assaf, T., Mayne, R., Adamatzky, A., & Melhuish, C. (2016). Emergent behaviors in a bio-inspired platform controlled by a physical cellular automata cluster. Biomimetics, 1(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics1010005

This work illustrates behavior patterns and trajectories of a bio-inspired artificial platform induced by a cellular automata (CA)-based control strategy. The platform embeds both CA control as physical electronic architecture and a distributed hardw... Read More about Emergent behaviors in a bio-inspired platform controlled by a physical cellular automata cluster.

Cellular automaton model of crowd evacuation inspired by slime mould (2015)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A. I., Sirakoulis, G. C., Georgilas, I. P., Papadopoulos, D. P., Kalogeiton, V. S., Kalogeiton, V., …Adamatzky, A. (2015). Cellular automaton model of crowd evacuation inspired by slime mould. International Journal of General Systems, 44(3), 354-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081079.2014.997527

© 2015 Taylor & Francis. In all the living organisms, the self-preservation behaviour is almost universal. Even the most simple of living organisms, like slime mould, is typically under intense selective pressure to evolve a response to ensure thei... Read More about Cellular automaton model of crowd evacuation inspired by slime mould.

Designing complex dynamics in cellular automata with memory (2013)
Journal Article
Martínez, G. J., Martinez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & Alonso-Sanz, R. (2013). Designing complex dynamics in cellular automata with memory. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 23(10), 1330035. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218127413300358

Since their inception at Macy conferences in later 1940s, complex systems have remained the most controversial topic of interdisciplinary sciences. The term "complex system" is the most vague and liberally used scientific term. Using elementary cellu... Read More about Designing complex dynamics in cellular automata with memory.

Bio-development of motorway network in the Netherlands: A slime mould approach (2013)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., Lees, M., & Sloot, P. (2013). Bio-development of motorway network in the Netherlands: A slime mould approach. Advances in Complex Systems, 16(2-3), https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219525912500348

Plasmodium of a cellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a very large eukaryotic microbe visible to the unaided eye. During its foraging behavior the plasmodium spans sources of nutrients with a network of protoplasmic tubes. In this paper we at... Read More about Bio-development of motorway network in the Netherlands: A slime mould approach.

Operating binary strings using gliders and eaters in reaction-diffusion cellular automaton (2010)
Journal Article
Martínez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., Zhang, L., & Wuensche, A. (2010). Operating binary strings using gliders and eaters in reaction-diffusion cellular automaton. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 52(1-2), 177-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2010.02.006

We study transformations of 2-, 4- and 6-bit numbers in interactions between traveling and stationary localizations in the Spiral Rule reaction-diffusion cellular automaton. The Spiral Rule automaton is a hexagonal ternary-state two-dimensional cellu... Read More about Operating binary strings using gliders and eaters in reaction-diffusion cellular automaton.

On generative morphological diversity of elementary cellular automata (2010)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., & Martinez, G. J. (2010). On generative morphological diversity of elementary cellular automata. Kybernetes, 39(1), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921011021282

Purpose: Studies in complexity of cellular automata do usually deal with measures taken on integral dynamics or statistical measures of space-time configurations. No one has tried to analyze a generative power of cellular-automaton machines. The purp... Read More about On generative morphological diversity of elementary cellular automata.

Majority adder implementation by competing patterns in life-like rule B2/S2345 (2010)
Journal Article
Martinez, G. J., Morita, K., Adamatzky, A., & Margenstern, M. (2010). Majority adder implementation by competing patterns in life-like rule B2/S2345. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 6079, 93-104

In this paper we present a two-dimensional chaotic cellular automaton, the Life rule B2/S2345, able to simulate the action of an adder with majority gates, stimulated by gliders collisions transformed as competing patterns. Values of Boolean variable... Read More about Majority adder implementation by competing patterns in life-like rule B2/S2345.

Localization dynamics in a binary two-dimensional cellular automaton: The Diffusion Rule (2010)
Journal Article
Martinez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & McIntosh, H. V. (2010). Localization dynamics in a binary two-dimensional cellular automaton: The Diffusion Rule. Journal of Cellular Automata, 5(4-5), 289-313

We study a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA), called Diffusion Rule (DR), which exhibits diffusion-like dynamics of propagating patterns. In computational experiments we discover a wide range of mobile and stationary localizations (gliders, osc... Read More about Localization dynamics in a binary two-dimensional cellular automaton: The Diffusion Rule.

Complex dynamics emerging in Rule 30 with majority memory (2010)
Journal Article
Martinez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., Alonso-Sanz, R., & Mora, J. C. (2010). Complex dynamics emerging in Rule 30 with majority memory. Complex Systems -Champaign-, 18(3), 345-365

In cellular automata with memory, the unchanged maps of the conventional cellular automata are applied to cells endowed with memory of their past states in some specified interval. We implement Rule 30 automata with a majority memory and show that usi... Read More about Complex dynamics emerging in Rule 30 with majority memory.

How to make dull cellular automata complex by adding memory: Rule 126 case study (2010)
Journal Article
Seck-Tuoh-Mora, J. C., Martínez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., Mora, J. C., & Alonso-Sanz, R. (2010). How to make dull cellular automata complex by adding memory: Rule 126 case study. Complexity, 15(6), 34-49. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplx.20311

Using Rule 126 elementary cellular automaton (ECA), we demonstrate that a chaotic discrete system - when enriched with memory - hence exhibits complex dynamics where such space exploits on an ample universe of periodic patterns induced from original... Read More about How to make dull cellular automata complex by adding memory: Rule 126 case study.

Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules (2009)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A. (2009). Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 40(2), 981-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2007.08.085

Every cell of two-dimensional cellular automaton with eight-cell neighborhood takes three states: resting, excited and refractory, and updates excited to refractory and refractory to resting states unconditionally. A resting cell excites depending on... Read More about Localizations in cellular automata with mutualistic excitation rules.

If BZ medium did spanning trees these would be the same trees as Physarum built (2009)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A. (2009). If BZ medium did spanning trees these would be the same trees as Physarum built. Physics Letters A, 373(10), 952-956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2008.12.070

A sub-excitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) medium exhibits self-localized wave-fragments which may travel for relatively long time preserving their shape. Using Oregonator model of the BZ medium we imitate foraging behavior of a true slime mold, Physa... Read More about If BZ medium did spanning trees these would be the same trees as Physarum built.

On simultaneous construction of Voronoi diagram and delaunay triangulation by physarum polycephalum (2009)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., Shirakawa, T., Gunji, Y. P., & Miyake, Y. (2009). On simultaneous construction of Voronoi diagram and delaunay triangulation by physarum polycephalum. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 19(9), 3109-3117. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218127409024682

We experimentally demonstrate that both Voronoi diagram and its dual graph Delaunay triangulation are simultaneously constructed for specific conditions in cultures of plasmodium, a vegetative state of Physarum polycephalum. Every point of a given pl... Read More about On simultaneous construction of Voronoi diagram and delaunay triangulation by physarum polycephalum.

On logical gates in precipitating medium: Cellular automaton model (2008)
Journal Article
Martínez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & de Lacy Costello, B. (2008). On logical gates in precipitating medium: Cellular automaton model. Physics Letters A, 372(31), 5115-5119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2008.05.087

We study a two-dimensional semi-totalistic binary cell-state cellular automaton, which imitates a reversible precipitation in an abstract chemical medium. The systems exhibits a non-trivial growth and nucleation. We demonstrate how basic computationa... Read More about On logical gates in precipitating medium: Cellular automaton model.

On the representation of gliders in Rule 54 by de Bruijn and cycle diagrams (2008)
Journal Article
Martinez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & McIntosh, H. V. (2008). On the representation of gliders in Rule 54 by de Bruijn and cycle diagrams. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 5191, 83-91

Rule 54, in Wolfram’s notation, is one of elementary yet complexly behaving one-dimensional cellular automata. The automaton supports gliders, glider guns and other non-trivial long transients. We show how to characterize gliders in Rule 54 by diagra... Read More about On the representation of gliders in Rule 54 by de Bruijn and cycle diagrams.

Phenomenology of glider collisions in cellular automaton Rule 54 and associated logical gates (2006)
Journal Article
Martínez, G. J., Adamatzky, A., & McIntosh, H. V. (2006). Phenomenology of glider collisions in cellular automaton Rule 54 and associated logical gates. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 28(1), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2005.05.013

Rule 54, a two state, three neighbor cellular automaton in Wolfram's systems of nomenclature, is less complex that Rule 110, but nevertheless possess a rich and complex dynamics. We provide a systematic and exhaustive analysis of glider behavior and... Read More about Phenomenology of glider collisions in cellular automaton Rule 54 and associated logical gates.

Phenomenology of reaction-diffusion binary-state cellular automata (2006)
Journal Article
Mora, J. C. S. T., Martínez, G. J., & Adamatzky, A. (2006). Phenomenology of reaction-diffusion binary-state cellular automata. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 16(10), 2985-3005. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218127406016598

We study a binary-cell-state eight-cell neighborhood two-dimensional cellular automaton model of a quasi-chemical system with a substrate and a reagent. Reactions are represented by semitotalistic transitions rules: every cell switches from state 0 t... Read More about Phenomenology of reaction-diffusion binary-state cellular automata.