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The securitization of COVID-19 as a security norm: WHO norm entrepreneurship and norm cascading

Kaunert, Christian; Leonard, Sarah; Wertman, Ori

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Authors

Christian Kaunert

Sarah Leonard Sarah4.Leonard@uwe.ac.uk
Professor of International Security

Ori Wertman



Abstract

In this article, we analyze the emergence of a global security norm of the COVID-19 epidemic as a threat to international security. This crisis is one of the gravest crises that humanity has experienced since the end of World War II in terms of the number of people infected and died, but also in terms of the economic consequences. Here, we provide a framework for understanding the securitization of the COVID-19 epidemic as an international norm defined and promoted by the World Health Organization as a norm entrepreneur, and cascaded down to the level of member states. We identify the actors who developed the main strategic prescriptions of the security norm and the international mechanisms that promoted the cascading of its contents throughout the international system. We further develop the notion of primary and secondary norms, which explain the striking differences amongst industrialized states with regard to the contents, scope, and implementation timeline of the various measures aiming to curb the spread of the virus.

Citation

Kaunert, C., Leonard, S., & Wertman, O. (2022). The securitization of COVID-19 as a security norm: WHO norm entrepreneurship and norm cascading. Social Sciences, 11(7), 266-285. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070266

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jun 15, 2022
Online Publication Date Jun 21, 2022
Publication Date Jun 21, 2022
Deposit Date Aug 15, 2022
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Social Sciences
Electronic ISSN 2076-0760
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 11
Issue 7
Pages 266-285
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070266
Keywords General Social Sciences; COVID-19; international norms; health security; WH
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/9862435
Publisher URL https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/11/7/266

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