Outputs (20)

Investigating Browne's method (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Obodo, S., Toher, D., & White, P. (2021, September). Investigating Browne's method. Poster presented at Statistics at Bristol: Future Reserach and You 2021, Bristol

Results supports Browne’s procedure of pilot sample size determination. However the data reveals that the procedure underestimates and overestimates sample size. Fig. 1 shows 𝛼 and 𝛽 have no practical effect on degree of excess which increases as... Read More about Investigating Browne's method.

Parametric and non-parametric tests for the comparison of two samples which both include paired and unpaired observations (2019)
Journal Article
Derrick, B., White, P., & Toher, D. (2019). Parametric and non-parametric tests for the comparison of two samples which both include paired and unpaired observations. Journal of modern applied statistical methods : JMASM, 18(1), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1556669520

Samples that include both independent and paired observations cause a dilemma for researchers that covers the full breadth of empirical research. Parametric approaches for the comparison of two samples using all available observations are considered,... Read More about Parametric and non-parametric tests for the comparison of two samples which both include paired and unpaired observations.

Young carers in England: Findings from the 2018 BBC survey on the prevalence and nature of caring among young people (2019)
Journal Article
Joseph, S., Kendall, C., Toher, D., Sempik, J., Holland, J., & Becker, S. (2019). Young carers in England: Findings from the 2018 BBC survey on the prevalence and nature of caring among young people. Child: Care, Health and Development, 45(4), 606-612. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12674

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Many young people are involved in caring for parents, siblings, or other relatives who have an illness or disability. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of caring by young people in England... Read More about Young carers in England: Findings from the 2018 BBC survey on the prevalence and nature of caring among young people.

Feeding tube securement in critical illness: Implications for safety (2018)
Journal Article
Taylor, S. J., Allan, K., Clemente, R., Marsh, A., & Toher, D. (2018). Feeding tube securement in critical illness: Implications for safety. British Journal of Nursing, 27(18), 1036-1041. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2018.27.18.1036

© 2018 MA Healthcare Ltd Over 50% of tape-secured feeding tubes are inadvertently lost. The impact of nasal bridle securement on nasogastric (NG) and nasointestinal (NI) tube loss, outcome and duration of use was determined from 1 October 2014 (NG) a... Read More about Feeding tube securement in critical illness: Implications for safety.

Time to Initial Debridement and wound Excision (TIDE) in severe open tibial fractures and related clinical outcome: A multi-centre study (2018)
Journal Article
Hendrickson, S. A., Wall, R. A., Manley, O., Gibson, W., Toher, D., Wallis, K., …Khan, U. (2018). Time to Initial Debridement and wound Excision (TIDE) in severe open tibial fractures and related clinical outcome: A multi-centre study. Injury, 49(10), 1922-1926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2018.07.023

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Background: Recent national (NICE) guidelines in England recommend that initial debridement and wound excision of open tibial fractures take place within 12 h of the time of injury, a change from the previous target of 24 h. This... Read More about Time to Initial Debridement and wound Excision (TIDE) in severe open tibial fractures and related clinical outcome: A multi-centre study.

Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations (2018)
Journal Article
Derrick, B., Ruck, A., Toher, D., & White, P. (2018). Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations. Journal of Applied Quantitative Methods, 13(2),

Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations are explored using simulation. New solutions which make use of all of the available data are put forward. These new approaches are... Read More about Tests for equality of variances between two samples which contain both paired observations and independent observations.

The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design (2017)
Journal Article
Derrick, B., Broad, A., Toher, D., & White, P. (2017). The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design

The effect of systematically altering the value of a single observation within a paired differences design is considered. A paradox is observed for the paired samples t-test, where increasing the value of an observation in the direction of the true m... Read More about The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design.

Help! Is my sample big enough? (2017)
Journal Article
Toher, D. (2017). Help! Is my sample big enough?. Significance, 14(4), 12-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2017.01051.x

© 2017 The Royal Statistical Society Anne Beeston writes: I am planning a study to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment to reduce the microbial load in dried flowers, and need some advice on sample size to allow the determination of statistically sig... Read More about Help! Is my sample big enough?.

Stroke: Ineffective tube securement reduces nutrition and drug treatment (2017)
Journal Article
Taylor, S. J., Brazier, S., Allan, K., Clemente, R., & Toher, D. (2017). Stroke: Ineffective tube securement reduces nutrition and drug treatment. British Journal of Nursing, 26(12), 656-663. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.12.656

© 2017 MA Healthcare Ltd. Stroke patients with dysphagia often depend on nutrition, hydration and medication via nasogastric (NG) feeding tubes. Securing tubes using tape is associated with repeated tube loss. In this study, the authors determined ca... Read More about Stroke: Ineffective tube securement reduces nutrition and drug treatment.

Test statistics for the comparison of means for two samples that include both paired and independent observations (2017)
Journal Article
Derrick, B., Russ, B., Toher, D., & White, P. (2017). Test statistics for the comparison of means for two samples that include both paired and independent observations. Journal of modern applied statistical methods : JMASM, 16(1), 137-157. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1493597280

©2017 JMASM, Inc. Standard approaches for analyzing the difference in two means, where partially overlapping samples are present, are less than desirable. Here are introduced two test statistics, making reference to the t-distribution. It is shown th... Read More about Test statistics for the comparison of means for two samples that include both paired and independent observations.