All Outputs (4)

The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design (2017)
Journal Article

The effect of systematically altering the value of a single observation within a paired differences design is considered. A paradox is observed for the paired samples t-test, where increasing the value of an observation in the direction of the true m... Read More about The impact of an extreme observation in a paired samples design.

Comparing two samples from an individual Likert question (2017)
Journal Article

For two independent samples there is much debate in the literature whether parametric or non-parametric methods should be used for the comparison of Likert question responses. The comparison of paired responses has received less attention in the lite... Read More about Comparing two samples from an individual Likert question.

Test statistics for the comparison of means for two samples that include both paired and independent observations (2017)
Journal Article

©2017 JMASM, Inc. Standard approaches for analyzing the difference in two means, where partially overlapping samples are present, are less than desirable. Here are introduced two test statistics, making reference to the t-distribution. It is shown th... Read More about Test statistics for the comparison of means for two samples that include both paired and independent observations.

How to compare the means of two samples that include paired observations and independent observations: A companion to Derrick, Russ, Toher and White (2017) (2017)
Journal Article

Standard approaches for comparing the means of two samples, comprising both paired observations and independent observations, involve the discarding of valuable information. An alternative test which uses all of the available data, is the partially o... Read More about How to compare the means of two samples that include paired observations and independent observations: A companion to Derrick, Russ, Toher and White (2017).