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An experimental study on non-destructive evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of a sustainable concrete incorporating industrial waste

Umar, Tariq; Yousaf, Muhammad; Akbar, Muhammad; Abbas, Nadeem; Hussain, Zahoor; Ansari, Wajahat Sammer

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Authors

Profile image of Tariq Umar

Dr. Tariq Umar Tariq.Umar@uwe.ac.uk
Senior Lecturer in Construction Project Management

Muhammad Yousaf

Muhammad Akbar

Nadeem Abbas

Zahoor Hussain

Wajahat Sammer Ansari



Contributors

Xiaoyong Wang
Editor

Run-Sheng Lin
Editor

Abstract

Structural materials sustainability is gaining popularity across the globe at present. Reusing natural resources, building, demolition debris, and solid waste are the most apparent tools to make construction more environmentally friendly. Traditional concrete is believed to be less durable, stronger, environmentally friendly, and socially and commercially feasible than industrial waste concrete. The evolution of non-destructive testing (NDT) across time has not been investigated in depth by researchers. An experimental study was carried out to propose the use of non-destructive mechanisms that would enable us to assess concrete’s compressive strength without causing destruction. Varying quantities of industrial waste (coal bottom ash (CBA) and waste glass sludge (WGS)) were incorporated to cast concrete prisms (150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm). The results obtained helped us to establish relationships between the compressive strength of concrete and the Schmidt hammer rebound value, as well as the ultrasonic pulse velocities. Microstructural analysis showed that incorporating 10% of CBA and WGS improved the porosity of concrete specimens, which shows the applicability of these industrial wastes as partial cement replacements. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed traces of calcium alumino-silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H), portlandite and C-S-H, which indicates the binder characteristics of CBA and WGS. The concept of the response surface approach (RSM) for optimizing cement and industrial waste substitution was validated by the polynomial work expectation. The model was statistically significant when the fluctuation of ANOVA was analyzed using a p value with a significance level of 0.05. The study results show that the usage of 15% CBA and 10% WGS as a cementitious additive and cement replacement has the potential to increase the strength of concrete significantly.

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 18, 2022
Online Publication Date Oct 20, 2022
Publication Date Oct 20, 2022
Deposit Date Nov 9, 2022
Publicly Available Date Nov 9, 2022
Journal Materials
Print ISSN 1996-1944
Electronic ISSN 1996-1944
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 15
Issue 20
Pages 7346
Series Title Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality in the Cement-Based Materials
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207346
Keywords Article, concrete, industrial waste, mechanical properties, non-destructive testing, ANOVA, SEM, CBA, WGS
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/10121872
Publisher URL https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/20/7346
Related Public URLs https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials/special_issues/Carbon_Cement_Materials

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