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Between abundance and constraints: The natural resource equation of Asia’s diverging, higher-income city models

Rode, Philipp; Gomes, Alexandra; Adeel, Muhammad; Sajjad, Fizzah; Koch, Andreas; Murshed, Syed Monjur

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Authors

Philipp Rode

Alexandra Gomes

Profile image of Muhammad Adeel

Muhammad Adeel Muhammad.Adeel@uwe.ac.uk
Research Fellow in Transport Analysis

Fizzah Sajjad

Andreas Koch

Syed Monjur Murshed



Abstract

This paper investigates how natural resource conditions impact the physical development of cities and how, once built, the urban spatial structure leads to different patterns of resource use. The point of departure for this research is the common “resource urbanisms” assumption that cities are directly affected by the availability and costs of natural resources, and that in turn, different urbanisms result in substantial differences in resource use and consequent impact on the environment. Considering extreme and divergent, higher-income urban models of Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, Hong Kong and Singapore, the paper focusses on two resources, land and energy, and the case of building cooling and transport energy demand. The research uses a mixed methods approach which includes qualitative methods such as expert interviews, analysis of planning documents and historic planning decisions, alongside quantitative methods such as remote sensing, GIS and data analysis and energy modelling. The paper suggests that land availability is a major driver of urban form while energy prices may play a secondary role. It also finds that urban form-induced energy efficiencies for transport and cooling energy diverge in the four cities by a factor of five and two, respectively.

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 27, 2020
Online Publication Date Oct 31, 2020
Publication Date Nov 1, 2020
Deposit Date Sep 27, 2022
Publicly Available Date Sep 27, 2022
Journal Land
Electronic ISSN 2073-445X
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 9
Issue 11
Pages 426
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/land9110426
Keywords Nature and Landscape Conservation; Ecology; Global and Planetary Change, urbanism; urban form; building typology; transport; infrastructure; cooling energy; Kuwait; Abu Dhabi; Hong Kong; Singapore
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/10012235
Publisher URL https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/9/11/426

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