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All Outputs (43)

Developing test methods for compression after lightning strikes (2023)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Millen, S. L. J., Lee, J., Abdelal, G., Mitchard, D., Wisnom, M. R., & Murphy, A. (2023). Developing test methods for compression after lightning strikes. Applied Composite Materials, 30(2), 539-556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-022-10100-w

Research into residual strength after lightning strike is increasing within the literature. However, standard test methods for measuring residual compressive strength after lightning strikes do not exist. For the first time, a systematic experimental... Read More about Developing test methods for compression after lightning strikes.

Investigation of fracture process zone development in quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates using in situ and ex situ X-ray Computed Tomography (2022)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Takeda, S. I., & Wisnom, M. R. (2023). Investigation of fracture process zone development in quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates using in situ and ex situ X-ray Computed Tomography. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 166, Article 107395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107395

Trans-laminar fracture toughness is an important property of laminated composites and examining the fracture process zone at the tip of a crack is key to understanding it. To date, little research has been done on in-depth examination of the early fr... Read More about Investigation of fracture process zone development in quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates using in situ and ex situ X-ray Computed Tomography.

Improved impact damage resistance of tapered composite laminates using a ply scarfing technique (2022)
Journal Article
Gordon, T., Xu, X., Wisnom, M., Hallett, S., & Kim, B. C. (2023). Improved impact damage resistance of tapered composite laminates using a ply scarfing technique. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 166, 107391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107391

This paper presents an experimental investigation into the effect of scarfed ply drops on the low velocity impact response of asymmetrically tapered, multi-directional, carbon/epoxy laminates, in comparison with that of conventional ply drops. Impact... Read More about Improved impact damage resistance of tapered composite laminates using a ply scarfing technique.

Identifying fibre orientations for fracture process zone characterization in scaled centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates with a convolutional neural network (2022)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Abbas, A., & Lee, J. (2022). Identifying fibre orientations for fracture process zone characterization in scaled centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates with a convolutional neural network. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 274, 108768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108768

This paper presents a novel X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) image analysis method to characterize the Fracture Process Zone (FPZ) in scaled centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates. A total of 61 CT images of a small specimen were used to... Read More about Identifying fibre orientations for fracture process zone characterization in scaled centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates with a convolutional neural network.

Rapid prediction of fibre-dominant tensile failure in randomly oriented strands (2022)
Journal Article
Jesus, A., & Xu, X. (2023). Rapid prediction of fibre-dominant tensile failure in randomly oriented strands. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 42(5-6), 205-212. https://doi.org/10.1177/07316844221107927

A stochastic morphological modelling framework has been established to predict the tensile behaviour of Randomly Oriented Strands made of ultra-thin Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic prepreg tapes. The tape properties from their distributions are... Read More about Rapid prediction of fibre-dominant tensile failure in randomly oriented strands.

The effect of transverse compressive stresses on tensile failure of carbon fibre/epoxy composites (2022)
Journal Article
Wisnom, M. R., Rev, T., Wisnom, M., Xu, X., & Czél, G. (2022). The effect of transverse compressive stresses on tensile failure of carbon fibre/epoxy composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 156, Article 106894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106894

A novel test configuration has been developed to induce combined stress-states of in-plane longitudinal tension and transverse compression in thin-ply, unidirectional (UD) composite layers. Three different multi-directional laminates have been design... Read More about The effect of transverse compressive stresses on tensile failure of carbon fibre/epoxy composites.

Initial R-curves for translaminar fracture of quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates from specimens with increasing size (2021)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Sun, X., & Wisnom, M. (2021). Initial R-curves for translaminar fracture of quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates from specimens with increasing size. Composites Science and Technology, 216, Article 109077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109077

In this paper, a set of initial R-curves were measured for three different in-plane sizes using scaled Over-height Compact Tension (OCT) specimens and two different stacking sequences. The data reduction scheme was based on a Virtual Crack Closure Te... Read More about Initial R-curves for translaminar fracture of quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates from specimens with increasing size.

Delamination suppression in tapered unidirectional laminates with multiple ply drops using a tape scarfing technique (2021)
Journal Article
Gordon, T., Xu, X., Kawashita, L., Wisnom, M. R., Hallett, S. R., & Kim, B. C. (2021). Delamination suppression in tapered unidirectional laminates with multiple ply drops using a tape scarfing technique. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 150, Article 106627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106627

Composite laminate thickness tapering is essential for weight efficient structures. This is achieved by terminating specific plies, but these can in turn act as sites for delamination initiation. One area of importance is the spacing between adjacent... Read More about Delamination suppression in tapered unidirectional laminates with multiple ply drops using a tape scarfing technique.

The role of broken fibres on crack migration into 0° surface plies in adhesively bonded carbon fibre composite joints (2021)
Journal Article
Paul, A., Xu, X., Shimizu, T., & Wisnom, M. (2021). The role of broken fibres on crack migration into 0° surface plies in adhesively bonded carbon fibre composite joints. Composite Structures, 276, Article 114530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114530

Crack migration into the composite in adhesively bonded joints can cause a major degradation of strength. This usually occurs via cracks in the surface plies, but this paper demonstrates that crack migration can occur in joints even with 0° surface p... Read More about The role of broken fibres on crack migration into 0° surface plies in adhesively bonded carbon fibre composite joints.

Numerical analysis of high velocity, oblique impacts and residual tensile strength of carbon/epoxy laminates (2020)
Journal Article
Kristnama, A. R., Xu, X., Wisnom, M. R., & Hallett, S. R. (2021). Numerical analysis of high velocity, oblique impacts and residual tensile strength of carbon/epoxy laminates. Composite Structures, 259, Article 113476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113476

This paper presents prediction of the high velocity, oblique impact response and quasi-static residual tensile strength of thin [45/90/−45/0]2s carbon/epoxy laminates using finite element (FE) models. A High-Fidelity Finite Element Method (Hi-FEM) wi... Read More about Numerical analysis of high velocity, oblique impacts and residual tensile strength of carbon/epoxy laminates.

Virtual characterization of nonlocal continuum damage model parameters using a high fidelity finite element model (2020)
Journal Article
Reiner, J., Xu, X., Zobeiry, N., Vaziri, R., Hallett, S. R., & Wisnom, M. R. (2021). Virtual characterization of nonlocal continuum damage model parameters using a high fidelity finite element model. Composite Structures, 256, Article 113073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113073

A virtual finite element framework is presented to provide the transition from a high fidelity model to a more computationally efficient continuum model for simulating fibre-dominated damage behavior in composite laminates subjected to tensile loadin... Read More about Virtual characterization of nonlocal continuum damage model parameters using a high fidelity finite element model.

In situ characterization of trans-laminar fracture toughness using X-ray Computed Tomography (2020)
Journal Article
Sun, X., Takeda, S., Wisnom, M. R., & Xu, X. (2020). In situ characterization of trans-laminar fracture toughness using X-ray Computed Tomography. Composites Communications, 21, Article 100408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2020.100408

The change in the critical strain energy release rate as damage evolves, known as the R-curve, is of crucial importance to the understanding of fracture behaviour. The examination of damage evolution ahead of the crack tip in order to determine accur... Read More about In situ characterization of trans-laminar fracture toughness using X-ray Computed Tomography.

Novel tape termination method for automated fibre placement: Cutting characteristics and delamination suppression (2020)
Journal Article
Gordon, T., Xu, X., Wisnom, M. R., & Kim, B. C. (2020). Novel tape termination method for automated fibre placement: Cutting characteristics and delamination suppression. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106023

A novel tape termination method for tapering the ply end and removing the fibre discontinuity owing to a dropped ply in a tapered composite was demonstrated. The forces required for this process – referred to as tape scarfing – were experimentally in... Read More about Novel tape termination method for automated fibre placement: Cutting characteristics and delamination suppression.

An experimental study of scaling effects in notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates under compressive loads (2020)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Paul, A., Sun, X., & Wisnom, M. R. (2020). An experimental study of scaling effects in notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates under compressive loads. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106029

The size effects in centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates under compression were investigated. The in-plane dimensions of the baseline specimen were scaled up by a factor of up to 14. The centre-notched specimens were compared to open... Read More about An experimental study of scaling effects in notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates under compressive loads.

Effect of out-of-plane wrinkles in curved multi-directional carbon/epoxy laminates (2020)
Journal Article
Xu, X., Jones, M. I., Ali, H., Wisnom, M. R., & Hallett, S. R. (2020). Effect of out-of-plane wrinkles in curved multi-directional carbon/epoxy laminates. Composites Science and Technology, 197, Article 108282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108282

Defects such as out-of-plane wrinkles are known to strongly affect in-plane strength but there has been very little research on their effect on out-of-plane properties. Experimental and numerical studies of multi-directional curved-beam laminates wer... Read More about Effect of out-of-plane wrinkles in curved multi-directional carbon/epoxy laminates.