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Using next-generation sequencing to develop a Shigella species threshold and profile faecal samples from suspected diarrhoea cases (2021)
Journal Article
Smith, A. (2021). Using next-generation sequencing to develop a Shigella species threshold and profile faecal samples from suspected diarrhoea cases. Folia Microbiologica, 66(3), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-020-00846-w

Globally, it is estimated that there are 2 billion cases of diarrhoeal disease each year, with 525,000 children under the age of 5years, dying from diarrhoea. This also affects 1 in 5 people in the UK each year. Rapid diagnosis, appropriate treatment... Read More about Using next-generation sequencing to develop a Shigella species threshold and profile faecal samples from suspected diarrhoea cases.

Early conscious prone positioning in patients with COVID-19 receiving continuous positive airway pressure: A retrospective analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Winearls, S., Swingwood, E. L., Hardaker, C. L., Smith, A. M., Easton, F. M., Millington, K. J., …Curtis, K. J. (2020). Early conscious prone positioning in patients with COVID-19 receiving continuous positive airway pressure: A retrospective analysis. BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 7(1), e000711. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000711

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has challenged the management of hypoxaemic respiratory failure and strained intensive care unit resources. While prone positioning (PP) is an established therapy in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respirat... Read More about Early conscious prone positioning in patients with COVID-19 receiving continuous positive airway pressure: A retrospective analysis.

The effect of residual food stain on Candida albicans colonisation of denture acrylics (2020)
Journal Article
Smith, A., Williams, D., Bradshaw, D., Milward, P., Al Kutubi, S., & Rowe, W. (2020). The effect of residual food stain on Candida albicans colonisation of denture acrylics. Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 3(2), https://doi.org/10.31487/j.DOBCR.2020.02.06

Published: NA Keywords: Candida albicans dentures food stains denture-induced stomatitis A B S T R A C T Objectives: In the UK, 19% of adults wear dentures. Failure to keep a denture clean can lead to staining from foods, along with subsequent coloni... Read More about The effect of residual food stain on Candida albicans colonisation of denture acrylics.

The vaginal microbiota associates with the regression of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 lesions (2020)
Journal Article
Mitra, A., MacIntyre, D. A., Ntritsos, G., Smith, A., Tsilidis, K. K., Marchesi, J. R., …Kyrgiou, M. (2020). The vaginal microbiota associates with the regression of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 lesions. Nature Communications, 11, Article 1999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15856-y

Emerging evidence suggests associations between the vaginal microbiota (VMB) composition, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); however, causal inference remains uncertain. Here, we use bacterial DNA sequ... Read More about The vaginal microbiota associates with the regression of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 lesions.

The association between vaginal bacterial composition and miscarriage: a nested case-control study (2019)
Journal Article
Al-memar, M., Bobdiwala, S., Fourie, H., Mannino, R., Lee, Y., Smith, A., …MacIntyre, D. (2020). The association between vaginal bacterial composition and miscarriage: a nested case-control study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 127(2), 264-274. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15972

© 2019 The Authors. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Objective: To characterise vaginal bacterial composition in early pre... Read More about The association between vaginal bacterial composition and miscarriage: a nested case-control study.

Molecular community profiling of the bacterial microbiota associated with denture-related stomatitis (2019)
Journal Article
Morse, D. J., Smith, A., Wilson, M. J., Marsh, L., White, L., Posso, R., …Williams, D. W. (2019). Molecular community profiling of the bacterial microbiota associated with denture-related stomatitis. Scientific Reports, 9(1), Article 10228. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46494-0

Denture-associated stomatitis (DS) affects over two-thirds of denture-wearers. DS presents as erythema of the palatal mucosa in areas where denture-surface associated polymicrobial biofilms containing the fungus Candida albicans exist. The contributi... Read More about Molecular community profiling of the bacterial microbiota associated with denture-related stomatitis.

Electronic longitudinal alcohol study in communities (ELAStiC) Wales - protocol for platform development (2019)
Journal Article
Trefan, L., Akbari, A., Paranjothy, S., Farewell, D. M., Gartner, A., Fone, D., …Moore, S. (2019). Electronic longitudinal alcohol study in communities (ELAStiC) Wales - protocol for platform development. International Journal of Population Data Science, 4(1), https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v4i1.581

Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption has adverse effects on health and there is a recognised need for the longitudinal analysis of population data to improve our understanding of the patterns of alcohol use, harms to consumers and those in the... Read More about Electronic longitudinal alcohol study in communities (ELAStiC) Wales - protocol for platform development.

Enhanced microbial bile acid deconjugation and impaired ileal uptake in pregnancy repress intestinal regulation of bile acid synthesis (2019)
Journal Article
Ovadia, C., Perdones‐Montero, A., Spagou, K., Smith, A., Sarafian, M. H., Gomez‐Romero, M., …Williamson, C. (2019). Enhanced microbial bile acid deconjugation and impaired ileal uptake in pregnancy repress intestinal regulation of bile acid synthesis. Hepatology, 70(1), 276-293. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.30661

Pregnancy is associated with progressive hypercholanemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, which can result in metabolic disease in susceptible women. Gut signals modify hepatic homeostatic pathways, linking intestinal content to metab... Read More about Enhanced microbial bile acid deconjugation and impaired ileal uptake in pregnancy repress intestinal regulation of bile acid synthesis.

Prospective observational study of vaginal microbiota pre‐ and post‐rescue cervical cerclage (2019)
Journal Article
Brown, R. G., Chan, D., Terzidou, V., Lee, Y. S., Smith, A., Marchesi, J. R., …Bennett, P. R. (2019). Prospective observational study of vaginal microbiota pre‐ and post‐rescue cervical cerclage. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 126(7), 916-925. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15600

Objective: To investigate the relation between vaginal microbiota composition and outcome of rescue cervical cerclage. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, London. Population: Twenty singleton preg... Read More about Prospective observational study of vaginal microbiota pre‐ and post‐rescue cervical cerclage.

Establishment of vaginal microbiota composition in early pregnancy and its association with subsequent preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes (2018)
Journal Article
Lee, Y. S., Brown, R. G., Al-Memar, M., Marchesi, J. R., Smith, A., Chan, D., …MacIntyre, D. A. (2019). Establishment of vaginal microbiota composition in early pregnancy and its association with subsequent preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes. Translational Research, The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 207, 30-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2018.12.005

© 2019 The Authors Vaginal bacterial community composition influences pregnancy outcome. Preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes (PPROM), which precedes 30% of all spontaneous preterm births, is associated with high vaginal bacterial diversit... Read More about Establishment of vaginal microbiota composition in early pregnancy and its association with subsequent preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes.

Investigation of the active biofilm communities on polypropylene filter media in a fixed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment (2018)
Journal Article
Saroj, D. P., Naz, I., Avignone-Rossa, C., Hodgson, D., Lynch, J., Smith, A., …Sehar, S. (2018). Investigation of the active biofilm communities on polypropylene filter media in a fixed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 93(11), 3264-3275. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5686

© 2018 Society of Chemical Industry BACKGROUND: This research is focused on the effect of temperature on the growth of active biofilms on polypropylene (PP) filter media in aerobic fixed biofilm reactors (FBR) for wastewater treatment. RESULTS: High-... Read More about Investigation of the active biofilm communities on polypropylene filter media in a fixed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment.

Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans (2018)
Journal Article
L'Heureux, J. E., Jones, A. M., Vanhatalo, A., Blackwell, J. R., Williams, D. W., Smith, A., …van der Giezen, M. (2018). Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 124, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.078

© 2018 The Author(s) Imbalances in the oral microbial community have been associated with reduced cardiovascular and metabolic health. A possible mechanism linking the oral microbiota to health is the nitrate (NO3-)-nitrite (NO2-)-nitric oxide (NO) p... Read More about Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans.

Vaginal dysbiosis increases risk of preterm fetal membrane rupture, neonatal sepsis and is exacerbated by erythromycin (2018)
Journal Article
Kindinger, L. M., Brown, R. G., Terzidou, V., Marchesi, J. R., Lee, Y. S., Holmes, E., …MacIntyre, D. A. (2018). Vaginal dysbiosis increases risk of preterm fetal membrane rupture, neonatal sepsis and is exacerbated by erythromycin. BMC Medicine, 16(1), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0999-x

© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Preterm prelabour rupture of the fetal membranes (PPROM) precedes 30% of preterm births and is a risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis. As PPROM is strongly associated with ascending vaginal infection, prophyla... Read More about Vaginal dysbiosis increases risk of preterm fetal membrane rupture, neonatal sepsis and is exacerbated by erythromycin.

Comparison of vaginal microbiota sampling techniques: Cytobrush versus swab (2017)
Journal Article
Mitra, A., MacIntyre, D. A., Mahajan, V., Lee, Y. S., Smith, A., Marchesi, J. R., …Kyrgiou, M. (2017). Comparison of vaginal microbiota sampling techniques: Cytobrush versus swab. Scientific Reports, 7(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09844-4

© 2017 The Author(s). Evidence suggests the vaginal microbiota (VM) may influence risk of persistent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical carcinogenesis. Established cytology biobanks, typically collected with a cytobrush, constitute a... Read More about Comparison of vaginal microbiota sampling techniques: Cytobrush versus swab.

Rifaximin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: An open-label pilot study (2017)
Journal Article
Thursz, M. R., Cobbold, J. F., Atkinson, S., Marchesi, J. R., Smith, A., Wai, S. N., …Umpleby, A. M. (2018). Rifaximin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: An open-label pilot study. Hepatology Research, 48(1), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/hepr.12904

© 2017 The Japan Society of Hepatology. Aim: Gut microbial dysbiosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated downstream effects of gut microbiota modulation on markers of hepatic inflammation, steato... Read More about Rifaximin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: An open-label pilot study.

Endotracheal tubes and fluid aspiration: An in vitro evaluation of new cuff technologies (2017)
Journal Article
Mariyaselvam, M. Z., Marsh, L. L., Bamford, S., Smith, A., Wise, M. P., & Williams, D. W. (2017). Endotracheal tubes and fluid aspiration: An in vitro evaluation of new cuff technologies. BMC Anesthesiology, 17(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-017-0328-0

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Aspiration of subglottic secretions past the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff is a prerequisite for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Subglottic secretion drainage (SSD) ETTs reduce aspiration of subglott... Read More about Endotracheal tubes and fluid aspiration: An in vitro evaluation of new cuff technologies.

Community analysis of dental plaque and endotracheal tube biofilms from mechanically ventilated patients (2017)
Journal Article
Marino, P. J., Wise, M. P., Smith, A., Marchesi, J. R., Riggio, M. P., Lewis, M. A., & Williams, D. W. (2017). Community analysis of dental plaque and endotracheal tube biofilms from mechanically ventilated patients. Journal of Critical Care, 39, 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.02.020

© 2017 Elsevier Inc. Purpose Mechanically ventilated patients are at risk for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia, and it has been reported that dental plaque provides a reservoir of respiratory pathogens that may aspirate to the lungs and end... Read More about Community analysis of dental plaque and endotracheal tube biofilms from mechanically ventilated patients.

The interaction between vaginal microbiota, cervical length, and vaginal progesterone treatment for preterm birth risk (2017)
Journal Article
Lee, Y. S., Kindinger, L. M., Bennett, P. R., Marchesi, J. R., Smith, A., Cacciatore, S., …MacIntyre, D. A. (2017). The interaction between vaginal microbiota, cervical length, and vaginal progesterone treatment for preterm birth risk. Microbiome, 5(1), Article 9802. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-016-0223-9

© The Author(s) 2017. Background: Preterm birth is the primary cause of infant death worldwide. A short cervix in the second trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for preterm birth. In specific patient cohorts, vaginal progesterone reduces this ris... Read More about The interaction between vaginal microbiota, cervical length, and vaginal progesterone treatment for preterm birth risk.

Relationship between vaginal microbial dysbiosis, inflammation, and pregnancy outcomes in cervical cerclage (2016)
Journal Article
McDonald, J. A., Kindinger, L. M., MacIntyre, D. A., Lee, Y. S., Marchesi, J. R., Smith, A., …Bennett, P. R. (2016). Relationship between vaginal microbial dysbiosis, inflammation, and pregnancy outcomes in cervical cerclage. Science Translational Medicine, 8(350), Article 350ra102. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aag1026

Preterm birth, the leading cause of death in children under 5 years, may be caused by inflammation triggered by ascending vaginal infection. About 2 million cervical cerclages are performed annually to prevent preterm birth. The procedure is thought... Read More about Relationship between vaginal microbial dysbiosis, inflammation, and pregnancy outcomes in cervical cerclage.