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A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells (2016)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Gajda, I., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells. Bioresource Technology, 215, 296-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.135

© 2016 The Authors. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer great promise as a technology that can produce electricity whilst at the same time treat wastewater. Although significant progress has been made in recent years, the requirement for cheaper materi... Read More about A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells.

Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced (2016)
Journal Article
Ieropoulos, I. A., Hanczyc, M. M., Greenman, J., Ortiz-Martínez, V. M., Gajda, I., Salar-García, M. J., …Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced. Bioresource Technology, 209, 380-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.083

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. In this work, the by-product generated during the operation of cylindrical MFCs, made out of terracotta material, is investigated as a feasible means of degrading live microalgae for the first time. In addition to the low cost ma... Read More about Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced.

Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Gajda, I., Forbes, S., Winfield, J., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0504-3

© 2016 Walter et al. Background: The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a technology in which microorganisms employ an electrode (anode) as a solid electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. This results in direct transformation of chemical energy into e... Read More about Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column.

On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Horsfield, I., Mayne, R., Ieropoulos, I. A., & Adamatzky, A. (2016). On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould. Scientific Reports, 6(23924), https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23924

Slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a single cell visible by the unaided eye. Let the slime mould span two electrodes with a single protoplasmic tube: if the tube is heated to approximately ≈40 °C, the electrical resistance of the protoplasmic tube... Read More about On hybrid circuits exploiting thermistive properties of slime mould.

From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Forbes, S., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. A. (2016). From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 14, 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2016.01.006

© 2016 The Authors. Achieving useful electrical power production with the MFC technology requires a plurality of units. Therefore, the main objective of much of the MFC research is to increase the power density of each unit. Collectives of MFCs will... Read More about From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density.

Analysis of microbial fuel cell operation in acidic conditions using the flocculating agent ferric chloride (2016)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Greenman, J., Dennis, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Analysis of microbial fuel cell operation in acidic conditions using the flocculating agent ferric chloride. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 91(1), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4552

© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry. BACKGROUND: Ferric chloride (FeCl3) is widely used as a flocculating agent during wastewater treatment but can detrimentally lower pH and increase iron concentration. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising te... Read More about Analysis of microbial fuel cell operation in acidic conditions using the flocculating agent ferric chloride.

Cast and 3D printed ion exchange membranes for monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication (2015)
Journal Article
Philamore, H., Philamorea, H., Rossiter, J., Walters, P., Winfield, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2015). Cast and 3D printed ion exchange membranes for monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication. Journal of Power Sources, 289, 91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.113

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. We present novel solutions to a key challenge in microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology; greater power density through increased relative surface area of the ion exchange membrane that separates the anode and c... Read More about Cast and 3D printed ion exchange membranes for monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication.

Urine-activated origami microbial fuel cells to signal proof of life (2015)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Chambers, L. D., Rossiter, J., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2015). Urine-activated origami microbial fuel cells to signal proof of life. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3(13), 7058-7065. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00687b

© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015. The adaptability and practicality of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are highly desirable traits in the search for alternative sources of energy. An innovative application for the technology could be to power portab... Read More about Urine-activated origami microbial fuel cells to signal proof of life.

Microbial fuel cells continuously fuelled by untreated fresh algal biomass (2015)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Greenman, J., Taylor, B., & Ieropoulos, I. A. (2015). Microbial fuel cells continuously fuelled by untreated fresh algal biomass. Algal Research, 11, 103-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2015.06.003

© 2015. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are energy transducers that convert organic matter directly into electricity, via the anaerobic respiration of electro-active microorganisms. An avenue of research in this field is to employ algae as the organic c... Read More about Microbial fuel cells continuously fuelled by untreated fresh algal biomass.

Micro-porous layer (MPL)-based anode for microbial fuel cells (2014)
Journal Article
You, J., Santoro, C., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., Cristiani, P., Li, B., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). Micro-porous layer (MPL)-based anode for microbial fuel cells. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(36), 21811-21818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.136

© 2014 Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Two different anode materials, carbon veil (CV) and carbon cloth (CC), were modified with a micro-porous layer (MPL) in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). When the bi... Read More about Micro-porous layer (MPL)-based anode for microbial fuel cells.

Towards disposable microbial fuel cells: Natural rubber glove membranes (2014)
Journal Article
Chambers, L. D., Winfield, J., Rossiter, J., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). Towards disposable microbial fuel cells: Natural rubber glove membranes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(36), 21803-21810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.09.071

© 2014 Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Natural rubber from laboratory gloves (GNR) was compared to cation exchange membrane (CEM) in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). GNR-MFCs immediately generated power... Read More about Towards disposable microbial fuel cells: Natural rubber glove membranes.

Simultaneous electricity generation and microbially-assisted electrosynthesis in MFCs (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014, October). Simultaneous electricity generation and microbially-assisted electrosynthesis in MFCs. Paper presented at 226th ECS Meeting,Electrochemical Society, Cancun, Mexico

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical transducers that generate electricity as a direct result of microbial metabolism, when breaking down organic matter for continuous growth and maintenance. On the other hand, Microbial Electrolysis C... Read More about Simultaneous electricity generation and microbially-assisted electrosynthesis in MFCs.

Intermittent load implementation in microbial fuel cells improves power performance (2014)
Journal Article
Greenman, J., Walter, X. A., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). Intermittent load implementation in microbial fuel cells improves power performance. Bioresource Technology, 172, 365-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.034

© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. This study reports on the response of small-scale MFCs to intermittent loading, in terms of power output over time. The aim was to understand the evolution with time of power output under different duty cycles, in conditions clos... Read More about Intermittent load implementation in microbial fuel cells improves power performance.

Artificial photosynthesis coupled with electricity generation - microbial fuel cells as artificial plants (2014)
Presentation / Conference
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Stinchcombe, A., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014, July). Artificial photosynthesis coupled with electricity generation - microbial fuel cells as artificial plants. Paper presented at ALIFE 14: The Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems, NY, USA

To meet the global goal of carbon reduction process there is a need to develop an artificial system that may act as an autonomous CO2 scrubber. This paper describes the direct electricity generation by the Microbial Fuel Cell with the simultaneous bi... Read More about Artificial photosynthesis coupled with electricity generation - microbial fuel cells as artificial plants.

Water formation at the cathode and sodium recovery using Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) (2014)
Journal Article
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., Santoro, C., Li, B., Cristiani, P., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). Water formation at the cathode and sodium recovery using Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs). Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 7, 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2014.05.001

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) utilise biodegradable carbon compounds in organic waste to generate electric current. The aim of this work was to enhance MFC performance by using low cost and catalyst (platinum)-free cathode materials. The results showed... Read More about Water formation at the cathode and sodium recovery using Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs).

Small-scale microbial fuel cells utilising uric salts (2014)
Journal Article
You, J., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). Small-scale microbial fuel cells utilising uric salts. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 6, 60-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2014.01.005

With exhausting fossil fuels and increasing greenhouse gas emissions, numerous attempts, to overcome future energy challenges, are being pursued. In this study, small-scale microbial fuel cells (MFCs, 0.7mL anodic chamber volume) were built to invest... Read More about Small-scale microbial fuel cells utilising uric salts.

Biodegradation and proton exchange using natural rubber in microbial fuel cells (2013)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Ieropoulos, I., Rossiter, J., Greenman, J., & Patton, D. (2013). Biodegradation and proton exchange using natural rubber in microbial fuel cells. Biodegradation, 24(6), 733-739. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-013-9621-x

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) generate electricity from waste but to date the technology's development and scale-up has been held-up by the need to incorporate expensive materials. A costly but vital component is the ion exchange membrane (IEM) which c... Read More about Biodegradation and proton exchange using natural rubber in microbial fuel cells.

Comparing terracotta and earthenware for multiple functionalities in microbial fuel cells (2013)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Greenman, J., Huson, D., & Ieropoulos, I. (2013). Comparing terracotta and earthenware for multiple functionalities in microbial fuel cells. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 36(12), 1913-1921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-013-0967-6

The properties of earthenware and terracotta were investigated in terms of structural integrity and ion conductivity, in two microbial fuel cell (MFC) designs. Parameters such as wall thickness (4, 8, 18 mm), porosity and cathode hydration were analy... Read More about Comparing terracotta and earthenware for multiple functionalities in microbial fuel cells.

The power of glove: Soft microbial fuel cell for low-power electronics (2013)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Chambers, L. D., Stinchcombe, A., Rossiter, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2014). The power of glove: Soft microbial fuel cell for low-power electronics. Journal of Power Sources, 249, 327-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.096

A novel, soft microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been constructed using the finger-piece of a standard laboratory natural rubber latex glove. The natural rubber serves as structural and proton exchange material whilst untreated carbon veil is used for the... Read More about The power of glove: Soft microbial fuel cell for low-power electronics.