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All Outputs (16)

RGB colour printing and halftoning for the reproduction of structural colour images (2023)
Presentation / Conference
Parraman, C., Klein, S., Vazquez, A., & Fuller, H. (2023, June). RGB colour printing and halftoning for the reproduction of structural colour images. Presented at Color Impact 2023, Rochester Institute of Technology

Commercial CMYK halftone printing involves additive and subtractive colour mixing that requires the optical mixing of primary colour hues using different-sized dots to obtain variations in reflected colour. Structural colour, as seen in nature, such... Read More about RGB colour printing and halftoning for the reproduction of structural colour images.

Maxwell's disappointment and Sutton's accident (2022)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S. (2022, May). Maxwell's disappointment and Sutton's accident. Paper presented at Print in Art, Industry and Science, Online

It has almost become somewhat of an urban legend or internet myth that James Clerk Maxwell created the first colour image and had demonstrated this at the Royal Institution in London in May 1861. He did present something, but what? In ‘The scientific... Read More about Maxwell's disappointment and Sutton's accident.

Maxwell’s Disappointment / Sutton’s Accident (2022)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S. (2022, March). Maxwell’s Disappointment / Sutton’s Accident. Presented at IfM Buns Talk, Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering , University of Cambridge

It has almost become somewhat of an urban legend or internet myth that James Clerk Maxwell created the first colour image and had demonstrated this at the Royal Institution in London in May 1861. He did present something, but what? In ‘The scientific... Read More about Maxwell’s Disappointment / Sutton’s Accident.

Maxwell’s disappointment / Sutton’s accident (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., Elter, P., Trujillo Vazquez, A., & Fahy, N. (2021, October). Maxwell’s disappointment / Sutton’s accident. Presented at Colour Fever, Online

It has almost become somewhat of an urban legend or internet myth that James Clerk Maxwell created the first colour image and had demonstrated this at the Royal Institution in London in May 1861. He did present something, but what? In ‘The scientific... Read More about Maxwell’s disappointment / Sutton’s accident.

Fast and furious: Photolithography (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., & Fuller, H. (2021, September). Fast and furious: Photolithography. Paper presented at Don't Press Print: De/Reconstructing Photomechanical Reproduction, Online

A short history Photolithography, as we know it today in printmaking, has many origins. All were invented with speed of production in mind. It all started with a missed deadline. Alois Senefelder, a trained layer with more love for the theatre than f... Read More about Fast and furious: Photolithography.

One and many: Wet-Collodion and Woodburytype (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., & Elter, P. (2021, September). One and many: Wet-Collodion and Woodburytype. Paper presented at Don’t Press Print Conference 02 – De/Reconstructing Photomechanical Reproduction, RPS Bristol

The invention of photography in the 19th century changed our perception of reality for ever. Without the interpretation of an artist, an image could be recorded within minutes representing 'unfiltered' reality. Besides the scientific challenge how to... Read More about One and many: Wet-Collodion and Woodburytype.

Adventures in lithography (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., & Fuller, H. (2021, June). Adventures in lithography. Paper presented at Annual Conference of the British Liquid Crystal Society, Aberdeen

Lithography is the most important industrial printing process for non-textile printing. Liquid crystal is ubiquitous in display technology. What happens when the two are combined? The adventure begins. Lithography was invented in 1796 by Alois Sene... Read More about Adventures in lithography.

Colour deceives continually (2021)
Presentation / Conference
Parraman, C., & Klein, S. (2021, January). Colour deceives continually. Presented at Electronic Imaging 2021, Color Imaging XXVI: Displaying, Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications, online

This paper explores the relationship between additive and subtractive mixing for printing colour. Using mica pigments that are based on additive colour mixing principles, that when combined, create white. Although currently used for decorative effect... Read More about Colour deceives continually.

Now you see it, and Now you don’t: Illusive colour (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S. (2020, November). Now you see it, and Now you don’t: Illusive colour. Presented at Twenty-eighth Color and Imaging Conference, Online

Colour, as beauty, lies in the eye of the beholder. In 1861, based on the RGB model of colour perception, James Clerk Maxwell produced the first colour photographs by exposing black and white film through red, green and blue filters, thus recording i... Read More about Now you see it, and Now you don’t: Illusive colour.

Continuous tone relief prints in gelatin – The Woodburytype (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Leech, D., Guy, W., & Klein, S. (2020, July). Continuous tone relief prints in gelatin – The Woodburytype

Since its inception, halftoning has provided us methods of print that have high throughput and are easily reproducible. However, as the complexity of our printing methods increase, we can instead turn our attention to continuous tone methods, where t... Read More about Continuous tone relief prints in gelatin – The Woodburytype.

Woodburytype: a forgotten 19th century photomechanical process and its 21st century resurrection (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S. (2020, June). Woodburytype: a forgotten 19th century photomechanical process and its 21st century resurrection

One of the technological achievements of the 19th century was the mass reproduction of photographic images. Woodburytype was the first commercially successful photomechanical continuous tone printing method, of unsurpassed quality until today. Along... Read More about Woodburytype: a forgotten 19th century photomechanical process and its 21st century resurrection.

Colour Without Colour (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S. (2020, April). Colour Without Colour. Paper presented at Helsinki Photomedia 2020, Helsinki

Continuous Tone Printing from Gel Matrices - The Woodburytype (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Leech, D., Guy, W., & Klein, S. (2020, March). Continuous Tone Printing from Gel Matrices - The Woodburytype

Prevailing print techniques such as inkjet rely on halftoning, a process whereby image tone is approximated by a matrix of droplets varying in density. This, while useful in many applications, ensures a direct link between the resolution and the drop... Read More about Continuous Tone Printing from Gel Matrices - The Woodburytype.

How to print a rainbow (2020)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., & Menger, F. (2020, January). How to print a rainbow. Presented at Dana Research Centre Seminar Series, London

In the 17th century Isaac Newton demonstrated that white light consists of the superposition of different wavelengths visible as colour on a screen. How colour was perceived by a human observer was explained by the work of Thomas Young and Hermann vo... Read More about How to print a rainbow.

RTI for RGB: Photographing mica based inks on black paper using reflectance transform imaging (2019)
Presentation / Conference
Parraman, C., & Klein, S. (2019, April). RTI for RGB: Photographing mica based inks on black paper using reflectance transform imaging. Paper presented at Transactions: Imaging/Art/Science: Image Quality, Content & Aesthetics, London, England

Over the last century printers rely on the combination of halftones and subtractive CMYK ink primaries to translate an image on screen into a colour print on paper. This is certainly commercially expedient for many industrial applications. However, t... Read More about RTI for RGB: Photographing mica based inks on black paper using reflectance transform imaging.

And now for something completely different: Woodburytype (2019)
Presentation / Conference
Klein, S., & Leech, D. (2019, April). And now for something completely different: Woodburytype. Presented at British Liquid Crystal Society 2019 Annual Conference, Leeds, England

Woodburytype, invented by Walter B. Woodbury and patented in 1863, was the first commercially successful mechanical printing process for the permanent reproduction of photographic quality pictures and today is still unsurpassed in producing continuou... Read More about And now for something completely different: Woodburytype.