All Outputs (275)

Dynamical genetic programming in XCSF (2013)
Journal Article
Preen, R. J., Preen, R., & Bull, L. (2013). Dynamical genetic programming in XCSF. Evolutionary Computation, 21(3), 361-387. https://doi.org/10.1162/EVCO_a_00080

A number of representation schemes have been presented for use within learning classifier systems, ranging from binary encodings to artificial neural networks. This paper presents results from an investigation into using a temporally dynamic symbolic... Read More about Dynamical genetic programming in XCSF.

Imitation programming unorganised machines (2013)
Book Chapter
Bull, L. (2013). Imitation programming unorganised machines. In X. Yang (Ed.), Artificial Intelligence, Evolutionary Computing and Metaheuristics: in the Footsteps of Alan Turing (63-81). Springer

In 1948 Alan Turing presented a general representation scheme by which to achieve artificial intelligence – his unorganised machines. Further, at the same time as also suggesting that natural evolution may provide inspiration for search, he noted tha... Read More about Imitation programming unorganised machines.

Toward turing’s A-type unorganised machines in an unconventional substrate: A dynamic representation in compartmentalised excitable chemical media (2013)
Book Chapter
Bull, L., Holley, J., De Lacy Costello, B., & Adamatzky, A. (2013). Toward turing’s A-type unorganised machines in an unconventional substrate: A dynamic representation in compartmentalised excitable chemical media. . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37225-4_11

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013. Turing presented a general representation scheme by which to achieve artificial intelligence – unorganised machines. Significantly, these were a form of discrete dynamical system and yet such representations... Read More about Toward turing’s A-type unorganised machines in an unconventional substrate: A dynamic representation in compartmentalised excitable chemical media.

Evolving boolean networks on tunable fitness landscapes (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). Evolving boolean networks on tunable fitness landscapes. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 16(6), 817-828. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEVC.2011.2173578

This paper presents an abstract, tunable model by which to explore aspects of artificial genetic regulatory networks and their design by simulated evolution. The random Boolean network formalism is combined with the NK and $NKCS$ models of fitness la... Read More about Evolving boolean networks on tunable fitness landscapes.

Evolution of plastic learning in spiking networks via memristive connections (2012)
Journal Article
Howard, G., Howard, D., Gale, E., Bull, L., De Lacy Costello, B., & Adamatzky, A. (2012). Evolution of plastic learning in spiking networks via memristive connections. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 16(5), 711-729. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEVC.2011.2170199

This paper presents a spiking neuroevolutionary system which implements memristors as plastic connections, i.e., whose weights can vary during a trial. The evolutionary design process exploits parameter self-adaptation and variable topologies, allowi... Read More about Evolution of plastic learning in spiking networks via memristive connections.

Creating unorganised machines from memristors (2012)
Presentation / Conference
Howard, G. D., Bull, L., Costello, B. D. L., & Adamatzky, A. (2012, September). Creating unorganised machines from memristors. Paper presented at ICNAAM 2012: International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics, Kos, Greece

On architectures of circuits implemented in simulated Belousov-Zhabotinsky droplets (2012)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., Holley, J., Dittrich, P., Gorecki, J., De Lacy Costello, B., Zauner, K. P., & Bull, L. (2012). On architectures of circuits implemented in simulated Belousov-Zhabotinsky droplets. BioSystems, 109(1), 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.12.007

When lipid vesicles filled with Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) excitable chemical medium are packed in tight assembles, waves of excitation may travel between the vesicles. When several waves meet in a vesicle some fragments may deflect, others can annihi... Read More about On architectures of circuits implemented in simulated Belousov-Zhabotinsky droplets.

Production system rules as protein complexes from genetic regulatory networks: An initial study (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). Production system rules as protein complexes from genetic regulatory networks: An initial study. Evolutionary Intelligence, 5(2), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-012-0078-3

This short paper introduces a new way by which to design production system rules. An indirect encoding scheme is presented which views such rules as protein complexes produced by the temporal behaviour of an artificial genetic regulatory network. Thi... Read More about Production system rules as protein complexes from genetic regulatory networks: An initial study.

Evolution of supershapes for the generation of three-dimensional designs (2012)
Journal Article
Preen, R. J., & Bull, L. (2012). Evolution of supershapes for the generation of three-dimensional designs

This paper explores the evolution of three-dimensional objects with a simple generative encoding, known as the Superformula. Evolving three-dimensional objects has long been of interest in a wide array of disciplines, from engineering (e.g., robotics... Read More about Evolution of supershapes for the generation of three-dimensional designs.

Cartesian genetic programming for memristive logic circuits (2012)
Journal Article
Howard, G. D., Bull, L., & Adamatzky, A. (2012). Cartesian genetic programming for memristive logic circuits. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 7244 LNCS, 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29139-5_4

In this paper memristive logic circuits are evolved using Cartesian Genetic Programming. Graphs comprised of implication logic (IMP) nodes are compared to more ubiquitous NAND circuitry on a number of logic circuit problems and a robotic control task... Read More about Cartesian genetic programming for memristive logic circuits.

Using genetical and cultural search to design unorganised machines (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). Using genetical and cultural search to design unorganised machines. Evolutionary Intelligence, 5(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-011-0061-4

In 1948 Turing presented a general representation scheme by which to achieve artificial intelligence-his unorganised machines. Significantly, these were a form of discrete dynamical system and yet dynamical representations remain almost unexplored wi... Read More about Using genetical and cultural search to design unorganised machines.

On natural genetic engineering: structural dynamism in random boolean networks (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). On natural genetic engineering: structural dynamism in random boolean networks

This short paper presents an abstract, tunable model of genomic structural change within the cell lifecycle and explores its use with simulated evolution. A well-known Boolean model of genetic regulatory networks is extended to include changes in nod... Read More about On natural genetic engineering: structural dynamism in random boolean networks.

Evolving boolean networks with structural dynamism (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). Evolving boolean networks with structural dynamism. Artificial Life, 18(4), 385-397. https://doi.org/10.1162/ARTL_a_00073

This short article presents an abstract, tunable model of genomic structural change within the cell life cycle and explores its use with simulated evolution. A well-known Boolean model of genetic regulatory networks is extended to include changes in... Read More about Evolving boolean networks with structural dynamism.

A simple computational cell: Coupling boolean gene and protein networks (2012)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2012). A simple computational cell: Coupling boolean gene and protein networks. Artificial Life, 18(2), 223-236

This article presents an abstract, tunable model containing two of the principal information-processing features of cells and explores its use with simulated evolution. The random Boolean model of genetic regulatory networks is extended to include a... Read More about A simple computational cell: Coupling boolean gene and protein networks.

Logical and arithmetic circuits in Belousov-Zhabotinsky encapsulated disks (2011)
Journal Article
Holley, J., Jahan, I., De Lacy Costello, B., Bull, L., & Adamatzky, A. (2011). Logical and arithmetic circuits in Belousov-Zhabotinsky encapsulated disks. Physical Review E, 84(5), 056110. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.84.056110

Excitation waves on a subexcitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) substrate can be manipulated by chemical variations in the substrate and by interactions with other waves. Symbolic assignment and interpretation of wave dynamics can be used to perform log... Read More about Logical and arithmetic circuits in Belousov-Zhabotinsky encapsulated disks.

On computing in fine-grained compartmentalised Belousov-Zhabotinsky medium (2011)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., Holley, J., Bull, L., & De Lacy Costello, B. (2011). On computing in fine-grained compartmentalised Belousov-Zhabotinsky medium. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 44(10), 779-790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2011.03.010

We introduce results of computer experiments on information processing in a hexagonal array of vesicles filled with Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) solution in a sub-excitable mode. We represent values of Boolean variables by excitation wave-fragments and... Read More about On computing in fine-grained compartmentalised Belousov-Zhabotinsky medium.

Fuzzy dynamical genetic programming in XCSF (2011)
Conference Proceeding
Preen, R., & Bull, L. (2011). Fuzzy dynamical genetic programming in XCSF. In N. Krasnogor, & P. L. Lanzi (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation (167-168). https://doi.org/10.1145/2001858.2001952

A number of representation schemes have been presented for use within Learning Classifier Systems, ranging from binary encodings to Neural Networks, and more recently Dynamical Genetic Programming (DGP). This paper presents results from an investigat... Read More about Fuzzy dynamical genetic programming in XCSF.

Towards a mapping of modern AIS and LCS (2011)
Journal Article
Bull, L. (2011). Towards a mapping of modern AIS and LCS. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 6825 LNCS, 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22371-6_32

For many years correlations between aspects of Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) and Learning Classifier Systems (LCS) have been highlighted. However, neither field appears to have benefitted from such work not least since the differences between the t... Read More about Towards a mapping of modern AIS and LCS.

Vesicle computers: Approximating a Voronoi diagram using Voronoi automata (2011)
Journal Article
Adamatzky, A., De Lacy Costello, B., Holley, J., Gorecki, J., & Bull, L. (2011). Vesicle computers: Approximating a Voronoi diagram using Voronoi automata. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 44(7), 480-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2011.01.016

Irregular arrangements of vesicles filled with excitable and precipitating chemical systems are imitated by Voronoi automata - finite-state machines defined on a planar Voronoi diagram. Every Voronoi cell takes four states: resting, excited, refracto... Read More about Vesicle computers: Approximating a Voronoi diagram using Voronoi automata.

Evolving spiking networks with variable memristors (2011)
Presentation / Conference
Howard, G. D., Gale, E., Bull, L., de Lacy Costello, B., & Adamatzky, A. (2011, June). Evolving spiking networks with variable memristors. Paper presented at 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation