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Illicit drug contamination of the Bristol Pound local currency (2020)
Journal Article
Bowdler, P., Gale, E., Bryant, F., Codd, S., Hudd, S., Longden, R., …Honeychurch, K. C. (2020). Illicit drug contamination of the Bristol Pound local currency. Forensic Science International, 316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110469

Reports have shown the prevalence of the contamination of banknotes with a number of different drugs. These studies have focused on investigating drug contamination levels on currency which is either nationally or even international distributed. To p... Read More about Illicit drug contamination of the Bristol Pound local currency.

Extraction-free, direct determination of caffeine in microliter volumes of beverages by thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (2020)
Journal Article
Peng, X., Brown, M., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2020). Extraction-free, direct determination of caffeine in microliter volumes of beverages by thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5405184

An extraction-free method requiring microliter (μL) volumes has been developed for the determination of caffeine in beverages. Using a pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry system, the conditions required for the direct thermal desorption-g... Read More about Extraction-free, direct determination of caffeine in microliter volumes of beverages by thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

Cyclic voltammetric behaviour of 2,4-dinitrotoluene at a glassy carbon electrode (2020)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. (2020). Cyclic voltammetric behaviour of 2,4-dinitrotoluene at a glassy carbon electrode. Scholarly Community Encyclopedia, 2019,

This paper describes the development of a simple voltammetric method for the measurement of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (24DNT) at glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Initial investigations were undertaken using cyclic voltammetry to characterise the redox behavio... Read More about Cyclic voltammetric behaviour of 2,4-dinitrotoluene at a glassy carbon electrode.

Review of electroanalytical-based approaches for the determination of benzodiazepines (2019)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C. (2019). Review of electroanalytical-based approaches for the determination of benzodiazepines. Biosensors, 9(4), https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9040130

The benzodiazepine class of drugs are characterised by a readily electrochemically reducible azomethine group. A number are also substituted by other electrochemically active nitro, N-oxide, and carbonyl groups, making them readily accessible to elec... Read More about Review of electroanalytical-based approaches for the determination of benzodiazepines.

Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon electrode (2019)
Presentation / Conference
Honeychurch, K. C., Rymansaib, Z., & Iravani, P. (2019, June). Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon electrode. Poster presented at 6th International Conference on Bio-Sensing Technology

• The possibility of a fully 3-D printing printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrodes has been shown. • DPASV of Zn2+ showed stripping peaks, unaffected by other common heavy metals. • Conditions were optimised of the determination of... Read More about Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon electrode.

Trace voltammetric determination of lead at a recycled battery carbon rod electrode (2019)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. (2019). Trace voltammetric determination of lead at a recycled battery carbon rod electrode. Sensors, 19(4), https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040770

Carbon rod electrodes (CREs) were obtained from recycled zinc–carbon batteries and were used without further modification for the measurement of trace concentrations of lead (Pb). The electrochemical behavior of Pb at these electrodes in a variety of... Read More about Trace voltammetric determination of lead at a recycled battery carbon rod electrode.

Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of ethylene glycol in whole blood (2018)
Presentation / Conference
Robson, J., Townsend, S., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2018, June). Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of ethylene glycol in whole blood. Paper presented at Modern analytical pyrolysis approaches to research, innovation and industrial applications

Outline of talk Ethylene glycol Problems of analysis Our new approach Optimisation studies Analytical performance characteristics Analytical application Areas of future work Conclusions Acknowledgements

Electrochemical (bio) sensors for environmental and food analyses (2018)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C., & Piano, M. (2018). Electrochemical (bio) sensors for environmental and food analyses. Biosensors, 8(3), 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8030057

© 2018 by the authors. In recent years, great progress has been made in the development of sensors and biosensors to meet the demands of environmental and food analysis. In this Special Issue, the state of art and the future trends in the field of en... Read More about Electrochemical (bio) sensors for environmental and food analyses.

Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicological relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood (2018)
Presentation / Conference
Robson, J., Townsend, S., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2018, April). Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicological relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood. Paper presented at CRIB Annual Meeting 2018

Ethylene Glycol has been determined directly in whole blood using thermal desorption gas chromatography. Recoveries of between 84.8 % to 107 % were recorded, with corresponding %CV of between 1.7 % and 5.8 %. No extraction or derivatization steps w... Read More about Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicological relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood.

Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode using a carbon pseudo-reference electrode (2018)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C., Rymansaib, Z., & Iravani, P. (2018). Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode using a carbon pseudo-reference electrode. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 267, 476-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.04.054

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. The application of a novel fully 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode has been investigated for the trace determination of Zn2+ by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The possibility of utilisi... Read More about Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode using a carbon pseudo-reference electrode.

Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicologically relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood (2018)
Journal Article
Robson, J., Townsend, S., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2018). Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicologically relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood. Analyst, 143(4), 963-969. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7an02095c

© 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry. A simple and rapid method involving thermal desorption gas chromatography (TD-GC) with flame ionisation detection has been successfully developed for the determination of ethylene glycol in whole blood. No sampl... Read More about Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicologically relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood.

Alpha-synuclein ferrireductase activity is detectible in vivo, is altered in Parkinson's disease and increases the neurotoxicity of DOPAL (2017)
Journal Article
McDowall, J. S., Ntai, I., Honeychurch, K. C., Hart, J. P., Colin, P., Schneider, B. L., & Brown, D. R. (2017). Alpha-synuclein ferrireductase activity is detectible in vivo, is altered in Parkinson's disease and increases the neurotoxicity of DOPAL. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 85, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2017.08.001

© 2017 Elsevier Inc. The normal cellular role of α-synuclein is of potential importance in understanding diseases in which an aggregated form of the protein has been implicated. A potential loss or change in the normal function of α-synuclein could p... Read More about Alpha-synuclein ferrireductase activity is detectible in vivo, is altered in Parkinson's disease and increases the neurotoxicity of DOPAL.

Cheap and disposable gold and silver electrodes: Trends in the application of compact discs and digital versatile discs for electroanalytical chemistry (2017)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2017). Cheap and disposable gold and silver electrodes: Trends in the application of compact discs and digital versatile discs for electroanalytical chemistry. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 93, 51-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2017.04.013

© 2017 Increasingly more reports have focused on the use of digital versatile discs (DVDs) and compact discs (CDs) for the fabrication of electrodes. The majority of discs use Al to reflect the laser. However, a notable percentage utilise Au or Ag. T... Read More about Cheap and disposable gold and silver electrodes: Trends in the application of compact discs and digital versatile discs for electroanalytical chemistry.

Voltammetric behaviour of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode and its anodic stripping voltammetric determination in water (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Honeychurch, K. C., Rymansaib, Z., & Iravani, P. (2017, May). Voltammetric behaviour of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode and its anodic stripping voltammetric determination in water. Poster presented at 5th International Conference on Bio-Sensing Technology

Previous studies have shown the possibility of 3-D printing carbon electrodes. However, these studies required further fabrication steps. In this present investigation we show for the first time the possibility of utilising fully 3-D printed carbon n... Read More about Voltammetric behaviour of zinc at a 3-D printed carbon nanofiber–graphite–polystyrene electrode and its anodic stripping voltammetric determination in water.

The determination of nicotine in third-hand smoke by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and its application for the assessment of contaminated communal areas (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Peng, X., Bowdler, P., Giltrow, D., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2017, March). The determination of nicotine in third-hand smoke by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and its application for the assessment of contaminated communal areas. Poster presented at RSC Twitter Conference

The term third-hand smoke (THS) can be defined as the contamination of surfaces by tobacco smoke. This can remain for extended periods of time and undergo further chemical reactions to produce further pollutants which can be re-suspended in dust or... Read More about The determination of nicotine in third-hand smoke by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and its application for the assessment of contaminated communal areas.

Determination of caffeine and paracetamol in Bristol harbour water by LC/MS/MS (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Walter, Y., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2017, March). Determination of caffeine and paracetamol in Bristol harbour water by LC/MS/MS. Poster presented at RSC Twitter Conference 2017

Anthropogenic inputs such as caffeine and paracetamol can be used as possible chemical markers of sewage pollution as their presence can be presumed to result from human sewage inputs. In this present investigation we determined the concentrations... Read More about Determination of caffeine and paracetamol in Bristol harbour water by LC/MS/MS.

The determination of uric acid in human saliva by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (2017)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C. (2017). The determination of uric acid in human saliva by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

A method employing high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LC-ED) has been successfully developed for the determination of uric acid in human salvia. The optimal chromatographic conditions were found to comprise a mobil... Read More about The determination of uric acid in human saliva by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

Coupled electrochemical mass spectrometry investigations of the oxidation of nicotine and its determination in third-hand smoke by liquid chromatography electrochemical detection (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Peng, X., boujtita, M., Bowdler, P., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2017, January). Coupled electrochemical mass spectrometry investigations of the oxidation of nicotine and its determination in third-hand smoke by liquid chromatography electrochemical detection. Paper presented at CRIB Annual Meeting 2017

The electrochemistry of nicotine Electrochemical mass spectrometry of nicotine What is third-hand smoke? Why is it important environmentally? Liquid chromatography electrochemical detection of third-hand smoke Conclusions

Development of an electrochemical assay for the illegal “fat burner” 2,4-dinitrophenol and its potential application in forensic and biomedical analysis (2016)
Journal Article
Honeychurch, K. C. (2016). Development of an electrochemical assay for the illegal “fat burner” 2,4-dinitrophenol and its potential application in forensic and biomedical analysis. Advances in Analytical Chemistry, 6(2), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.aac.20160602.02

The illegal use of 2,4-dinitrophenol (24DNP) as a diet aid has increased markedly resulting in a number of deaths. This paper describes the development of a simple voltammetric method for the measurement of 24DNP in serum at glassy carbon electrode... Read More about Development of an electrochemical assay for the illegal “fat burner” 2,4-dinitrophenol and its potential application in forensic and biomedical analysis.

Recent advances in the fabrication and application of screen-printed electrochemical (bio)sensors based on carbon materials for biomedical, agri-food and environmental analyses (2016)
Journal Article
Pemberton, R. M., Crew, A., Hughes, G., Westmacott, K., Honeychurch, K. C., Crew, A. P., …Hart, J. P. (2016). Recent advances in the fabrication and application of screen-printed electrochemical (bio)sensors based on carbon materials for biomedical, agri-food and environmental analyses. Biosensors, 6(4), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios6040050

This review describes recent advances in the fabrication of electrochemical (bio)sensors based on screen-printing technology involving carbon materials and their application in biomedical, agri-food and environmental analyses. It will focus on the va... Read More about Recent advances in the fabrication and application of screen-printed electrochemical (bio)sensors based on carbon materials for biomedical, agri-food and environmental analyses.