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3D printed components of microbial fuel cells: Towards monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication using additive layer manufacturing (2016)
Journal Article
Preen, R. J., You, J., Preen, R., Bull, L., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2017). 3D printed components of microbial fuel cells: Towards monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication using additive layer manufacturing. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 19, 94-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2016.11.006

© 2016 The Authors For practical applications of the MFC technology, the design as well as the processes of manufacturing and assembly, should be optimised for the specific target use. Another burgeoning technology, additive manufacturing (3D printin... Read More about 3D printed components of microbial fuel cells: Towards monolithic microbial fuel cell fabrication using additive layer manufacturing.

Autonomous energy harvesting and prevention of cell reversal in MFC stacks (2016)
Journal Article
Papaharalabos, G., Stinchcombe, A., Horsfield, I., Melhuish, C., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2017). Autonomous energy harvesting and prevention of cell reversal in MFC stacks. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164(3), H3047-H3051. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081703jes

© The Author(s) 2016. This study presents a novel method for avoiding cell reversal whilst optimising energy harvesting from stacked Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) by dynamically reconfiguring the electrical connections between them. The sequential chan... Read More about Autonomous energy harvesting and prevention of cell reversal in MFC stacks.

Enhanced MFC power production and struvite recovery by the addition of sea salts to urine (2016)
Journal Article
Merino-Jimenez, I., Celorrio, V., Fermin, D. J., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2017). Enhanced MFC power production and struvite recovery by the addition of sea salts to urine. Water Research, 109, 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.017

© 2016 The Authors Urine is an excellent fuel for electricity generation in Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), especially with practical implementations in mind. Moreover, urine has a high content in nutrients which can be easily recovered. Struvite (MgNH4... Read More about Enhanced MFC power production and struvite recovery by the addition of sea salts to urine.

A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells (2016)
Journal Article
Winfield, J., Gajda, I., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells. Bioresource Technology, 215, 296-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.135

© 2016 The Authors. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer great promise as a technology that can produce electricity whilst at the same time treat wastewater. Although significant progress has been made in recent years, the requirement for cheaper materi... Read More about A review into the use of ceramics in microbial fuel cells.

Carbon-based air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells (2016)
Journal Article
Merino-Jimenez, I., Santoro, C., Rojas-Carbonell, S., Greenman, J., Ieropoulos, I., & Atanassov, P. (2016). Carbon-based air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells. Catalysts, 6(9), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal6090127

© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. A comparison between different carbon-based gas-diffusion air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is presented in this work. A micro-porous layer (MPL) based on carbon black (CB... Read More about Carbon-based air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells.

Microbial fuel cell – A novel self-powered wastewater electrolyser for electrocoagulation of heavy metals (2016)
Journal Article
Gajda, I., Stinchcombe, A., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2017). Microbial fuel cell – A novel self-powered wastewater electrolyser for electrocoagulation of heavy metals. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(3), 1813-1819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.06.161

© 2016 The Authors This paper describes the suitability of the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) for generation of electrical power with a simultaneous synthesis of active catholyte in the form of caustic solution. The active solution formed inside a terraco... Read More about Microbial fuel cell – A novel self-powered wastewater electrolyser for electrocoagulation of heavy metals.

Urine transduction to usable energy: A modular MFC approach for smartphone and remote system charging (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Stinchcombe, A., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2017). Urine transduction to usable energy: A modular MFC approach for smartphone and remote system charging. Applied Energy, 192, 575-581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.006

© 2016 The Authors This study reports for the first time the full charging of a state-of-the-art mobile smartphone, using Microbial Fuel Cells fed with urine. This was possible by employing a new design of MFC that allowed scaling-up without power de... Read More about Urine transduction to usable energy: A modular MFC approach for smartphone and remote system charging.

Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced (2016)
Journal Article
Ieropoulos, I. A., Hanczyc, M. M., Greenman, J., Ortiz-Martínez, V. M., Gajda, I., Salar-García, M. J., …Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced. Bioresource Technology, 209, 380-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.083

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. In this work, the by-product generated during the operation of cylindrical MFCs, made out of terracotta material, is investigated as a feasible means of degrading live microalgae for the first time. In addition to the low cost ma... Read More about Microalgae as substrate in low cost terracotta-based microbial fuel cells: Novel application of the catholyte produced.

Small scale ceramic MFCs for efficient energy harvesting from wastewater and full system development (2016)
Presentation / Conference
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016, May). Small scale ceramic MFCs for efficient energy harvesting from wastewater and full system development. Presented at The Electrochemical Society, 29th ECS Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA

The main aim of this work was to increase the efficiency of the ceramic based MFCs by compacting the design and exploring the ceramic support as the building block for small scale modular multi-unit systems. The improved energy density would then all... Read More about Small scale ceramic MFCs for efficient energy harvesting from wastewater and full system development.

Electricity and disinfectant production from wastewater: Microbial Fuel Cell as a self-powered electrolyser (2016)
Journal Article
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., & Ieropoulos, I. A. (2016). Electricity and disinfectant production from wastewater: Microbial Fuel Cell as a self-powered electrolyser. Scientific Reports, 6(25571), https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25571

This study presents a simple and sustainable Microbial Fuel Cell as a standalone, self-powered reactor for in situ wastewater electrolysis, recovering nitrogen from wastewater. A process is proposed whereby the MFC electrical performance drives the e... Read More about Electricity and disinfectant production from wastewater: Microbial Fuel Cell as a self-powered electrolyser.

Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Gajda, I., Forbes, S., Winfield, J., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0504-3

© 2016 Walter et al. Background: The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a technology in which microorganisms employ an electrode (anode) as a solid electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. This results in direct transformation of chemical energy into e... Read More about Scaling-up of a novel, simplified MFC stack based on a self-stratifying urine column.

Study of the effects of ionic liquid-modified cathodes and ceramic separators on MFC performance (2016)
Journal Article
Ieropoulos, I., Hernández-Fernández, F. J., Greenman, J., Salar-García, M. J., Gajda, I., Ortiz-Martínez, V. M., …Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Study of the effects of ionic liquid-modified cathodes and ceramic separators on MFC performance. Chemical Engineering Journal, 291, 317-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.01.084

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Ceramic-based MFC designs have proven to be a low cost alternative for power production and wastewater treatment. The use of ionic liquids in ceramic MFCs is explored for the first time in the present work in order to improve pow... Read More about Study of the effects of ionic liquid-modified cathodes and ceramic separators on MFC performance.

Regeneration of the power performance of cathodes affected by biofouling (2016)
Journal Article
Pasternak, G., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Regeneration of the power performance of cathodes affected by biofouling. Applied Energy, 173, 431-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.009

© 2016 The Authors. Air cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were used in a cascade-system, to treat neat human urine as the fuel. Their long-term operation caused biodeterioration and biofouling of the cathodes. The cathodes were made from two graphi... Read More about Regeneration of the power performance of cathodes affected by biofouling.

Microbial Fuel Cell-driven caustic potash production from wastewater for carbon sequestration (2016)
Journal Article
Gajda, I., Greenman, J., Melhuish, C., Santoro, C., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Microbial Fuel Cell-driven caustic potash production from wastewater for carbon sequestration. Bioresource Technology, 215, 285-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.004

© 2016 The Authors. This work reports on the novel formation of caustic potash (KOH) directly on the MFC cathode locking carbon dioxide into potassium bicarbonate salt (kalicinite) while producing, instead of consuming electrical power. Using potassi... Read More about Microbial Fuel Cell-driven caustic potash production from wastewater for carbon sequestration.

The practical implementation of microbial fuel cell technology (2016)
Book Chapter
Ieropoulos, I., Winfield, J., Gajda, I., Walter, X. A., Papacharalampos, G., Merino Jimenez, I., …Greenman, J. (2016). The practical implementation of microbial fuel cell technology. In K. Scott, & E. Hao Yu (Eds.), Microbial Electrochemical and Fuel Cells (357-380). Woodhead (Elsevier). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-78242-375-1.00012-5

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. New green technologies are emerging in response to decades of damaging human activity. Among those are microbial fuel cells (MFCs), electric transducers that transform wet organic matter into electricity via... Read More about The practical implementation of microbial fuel cell technology.

Daily reduction of oral malodor with the use of a sonic tongue brush combined with an antibacterial tongue spray in a randomized cross-over clinical investigation (2016)
Journal Article
Saad, S., Gomez-Pereira, P., Hewett, K., Horstman, P., Patel, J., & Greenman, J. (2016). Daily reduction of oral malodor with the use of a sonic tongue brush combined with an antibacterial tongue spray in a randomized cross-over clinical investigation. Journal of Breath Research, 10(1), 13-16. https://doi.org/10.1088/1752-7155/10/1/016013

Abstract The objective of this clinical investigation was to test the effectiveness on breath odor of a newly designed sonic tongue brush (TongueCare+, TC). It consists of a soft silicone brush optimally designed based on the tongue's anatomy t... Read More about Daily reduction of oral malodor with the use of a sonic tongue brush combined with an antibacterial tongue spray in a randomized cross-over clinical investigation.

From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density (2016)
Journal Article
Walter, X. A., Forbes, S., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. A. (2016). From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 14, 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2016.01.006

© 2016 The Authors. Achieving useful electrical power production with the MFC technology requires a plurality of units. Therefore, the main objective of much of the MFC research is to increase the power density of each unit. Collectives of MFCs will... Read More about From single MFC to cascade configuration: The relationship between size, hydraulic retention time and power density.

Comprehensive Study on Ceramic Membranes for Low-Cost Microbial Fuel Cells (2016)
Journal Article
Pasternak, G., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Comprehensive Study on Ceramic Membranes for Low-Cost Microbial Fuel Cells. ChemSusChem, 9(1), 88-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201501320

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) made with different types of ceramic membranes were investigated to find a low-cost alternative to commercially available proton exchange membranes. The MFCs operated wi... Read More about Comprehensive Study on Ceramic Membranes for Low-Cost Microbial Fuel Cells.

Pee power urinal-microbial fuel cell technology field trials in the context of sanitation (2016)
Journal Article
Ieropoulos, I., Stinchcombe, A., Gajda, I., Forbes, S., Merino-Jimenez, I., Pasternak, G., …Greenman, J. (2016). Pee power urinal-microbial fuel cell technology field trials in the context of sanitation. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, 2(2), 336-343. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ew00270b

This paper reports on the pee power urinal field trials, which are using microbial fuel cells for internal lighting. The first trial was conducted on Frenchay Campus (UWE, Bristol) from February-May 2015 and demonstrated the feasibility of modular MF... Read More about Pee power urinal-microbial fuel cell technology field trials in the context of sanitation.

Slime Mould Controller for Microbial Fuel Cells (2016)
Journal Article
Taylor, B., Adamatzky, A., Greenman, J., & Ieropoulos, I. (2016). Slime Mould Controller for Microbial Fuel Cells. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26662-6_14

Microbial fuels cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical transducers that generate energy from the metabolism of electro-active microorganisms. The organism Physarum polycephalum is a species of slime mould, which has demonstrated many novel and interest... Read More about Slime Mould Controller for Microbial Fuel Cells.