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5-aminosalicylic acid inhibits stem cell function in human adenoma derived cells: Implications for chemoprophylaxis in colorectal tumorigenesis (2021)
Journal Article
Williams, A. C., Creed, T. J., Mortensson, E. M. H., Collard, T. J., Dixon, S. W., Chambers, A. C., …Williams, A. C. (in press). 5-aminosalicylic acid inhibits stem cell function in human adenoma derived cells: Implications for chemoprophylaxis in colorectal tumorigenesis. British Journal of Cancer, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01354-5

Background: Most colorectal cancers (CRC) arise sporadically from precursor lesions: colonic polyps. Polyp resection prevents progression to CRC. Risk of future polyps is proportional to the number and size of polyps detected at screening, allowing i... Read More about 5-aminosalicylic acid inhibits stem cell function in human adenoma derived cells: Implications for chemoprophylaxis in colorectal tumorigenesis.

Interacting proteins, polymorphisms and the susceptibility of animals to SARS-CoV-2 (2021)
Journal Article
Hancock, J., Rouse, R., Stone, E., & Greenhough, A. (2021). Interacting proteins, polymorphisms and the susceptibility of animals to SARS-CoV-2. Animals, 11(3), https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030797

Abstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a world-wide problem for the human population. It is known that some animal species, such as mink, can become infected and transmit the virus. However, the susceptibility of most animals is not known. Here... Read More about Interacting proteins, polymorphisms and the susceptibility of animals to SARS-CoV-2.

Transcriptomic analyses of MYCN-regulated genes in anaplastic Wilms' tumour cell lines reveals oncogenic pathways and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities (2021)
Journal Article
Szemes, M., Melegh, Z., Bellamy, J., Park, J. H., Chen, B., Greenhough, A., …Malik, K. (2021). Transcriptomic analyses of MYCN-regulated genes in anaplastic Wilms' tumour cell lines reveals oncogenic pathways and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Cancers, 13(4), https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040656

The MYCN proto-oncogene is deregulated in many cancers, most notably in neuroblastoma, where MYCN gene amplification identifies a clinical subset with very poor prognosis. Gene expression and DNA analyses have also demonstrated overexpression of MYCN... Read More about Transcriptomic analyses of MYCN-regulated genes in anaplastic Wilms' tumour cell lines reveals oncogenic pathways and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities.

A combined proteomics and Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the effects of aspirin-targeted proteins on colorectal cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Nounu, A., Greenhough, A., Heesom, K. J., Richmond, R. C., Zheng, J., Weinstein, S. J., …Relton, C. L. (2021). A combined proteomics and Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the effects of aspirin-targeted proteins on colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 30(3), 564-575. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1176

Background: Evidence for aspirin’s chemopreventative properties on colorectal cancer (CRC) is substantial, but its mechanism of action is not well-understood. We combined a proteomic approach with Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify possible new... Read More about A combined proteomics and Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the effects of aspirin-targeted proteins on colorectal cancer.

A Wnt-BMP4 signaling axis induces MSX and NOTCH proteins and promotes growth suppression and differentiation in neuroblastoma (2020)
Journal Article
Szemes, M., Melegh, Z., Bellamy, J., Greenhough, A., Kollareddy, M., Catchpoole, D., & Malik, K. (2020). A Wnt-BMP4 signaling axis induces MSX and NOTCH proteins and promotes growth suppression and differentiation in neuroblastoma. Cells, 9(3), https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9030783

The Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways are known to be crucial in the development of neural crest lineages, including the sympathetic nervous system. Surprisingly, their role in paediatric neuroblastoma, the prototypic tumor... Read More about A Wnt-BMP4 signaling axis induces MSX and NOTCH proteins and promotes growth suppression and differentiation in neuroblastoma.

BCL–3 promotes cyclooxygenase–2/prostaglandin E2 signalling in colorectal cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Collard, T. J., Fallatah, H. M., Greenhough, A., Williams, A. C., & Paraskeva, C. (2020). BCL–3 promotes cyclooxygenase–2/prostaglandin E2 signalling in colorectal cancer. International Journal of Oncology, 56(5), 1304-1313. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2020.5013

First discovered as an oncogene in leukaemia, recent reports highlight an emerging role for the proto-oncogene BCL-3 in solid tumours. Importantly, BCL-3 expression is upregulated in >30% of colorectal cancer cases and is reported to be associated wi... Read More about BCL–3 promotes cyclooxygenase–2/prostaglandin E2 signalling in colorectal cancer.

BCL-3 promotes a cancer stem cell phenotype by enhancing β-catenin signalling in colorectal tumour cells (2019)
Journal Article
Legge, D. N., Shephard, A. P., Collard, T. J., Greenhough, A., Chambers, A. C., Clarkson, R. W., …Williams, A. C. (2019). BCL-3 promotes a cancer stem cell phenotype by enhancing β-catenin signalling in colorectal tumour cells. Disease Models and Mechanisms, 12(3), https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.037697

To decrease bowel cancer incidence and improve survival, we need to understand the mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis. Recently B-cell lymphoma 3 (BCL-3; a key regulator of NF-κB signalling) has been recognised as an important oncogenic player in so... Read More about BCL-3 promotes a cancer stem cell phenotype by enhancing β-catenin signalling in colorectal tumour cells.

Wnt signaling is a major determinant of neuroblastoma cell lineages (2019)
Journal Article
Szemes, M., Greenhough, A., & Malik, K. (2019). Wnt signaling is a major determinant of neuroblastoma cell lineages. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 12(90), https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00090

© 2019 Szemes, Greenhough and Malik. The neural crest (NC), which has been referred to as the fourth germ layer, comprises a multipotent cell population which will specify diverse cells and tissues, including craniofacial cartilage and bones, melanoc... Read More about Wnt signaling is a major determinant of neuroblastoma cell lineages.

LEF-1 drives aberrant β-catenin nuclear localization in myeloid leukemia cells (2019)
Journal Article
Morgan, R. G., Ridsdale, J., Payne, M., Heesom, K. J., Wilson, M. C., Davidson, A. D., …Darley, R. L. (2019). LEF-1 drives aberrant β-catenin nuclear localization in myeloid leukemia cells. Haematologica, 104(7), 1365-1377. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2018.202846

Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling is frequently dysregulated in myeloid leukemias and is implicated in leukemogenesis. Nuclear-localized β-catenin is indicative of active Wnt signaling and is frequently observed in acute myeloid leukemia patients; ho... Read More about LEF-1 drives aberrant β-catenin nuclear localization in myeloid leukemia cells.

Cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia involves a HIF-GPRC5A-YAP axis (2018)
Journal Article
Greenhough, A., Bagley, C., Heesom, K. J., Gurevich, D. B., Gay, D., Bond, M., …Williams, A. C. (2018). Cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia involves a HIF-GPRC5A-YAP axis. EMBO Molecular Medicine, 10(11), https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.201708699

© 2018 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumours and a key physiological feature distinguishing cancer from normal tissue. However, a major challenge remains in identifying tractable molecu... Read More about Cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia involves a HIF-GPRC5A-YAP axis.

Live imaging of wound angiogenesis reveals macrophage orchestrated vessel sprouting and regression (2018)
Journal Article
Gurevich, D. B., Severn, C. E., Twomey, C., Greenhough, A., Cash, J., Toye, A. M., …Martin, P. (2018). Live imaging of wound angiogenesis reveals macrophage orchestrated vessel sprouting and regression. EMBO Journal, 37(13), https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.201797786

© 2018 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license Wound angiogenesis is an integral part of tissue repair and is impaired in many pathologies of healing. Here, we investigate the cellular interactions between innate immune cells... Read More about Live imaging of wound angiogenesis reveals macrophage orchestrated vessel sprouting and regression.

Optimized delivery of siRNA into 3D tumor spheroid cultures in situ (2018)
Journal Article
Morgan, R. G., Chambers, A. C., Legge, D. N., Coles, S. J., Greenhough, A., & Williams, A. C. (2018). Optimized delivery of siRNA into 3D tumor spheroid cultures in situ. Scientific Reports, 8, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26253-3

© 2018 The Author(s). 3D tissue culture provides a physiologically relevant and genetically tractable system for studying normal and malignant human tissues. Despite this, gene-silencing studies using siRNA has proved difficult. In this study, we hav... Read More about Optimized delivery of siRNA into 3D tumor spheroid cultures in situ.

Wnt Signalling Drives Context-Dependent Differentiation or Proliferation in Neuroblastoma (2018)
Journal Article
Szemes, M., Greenhough, A., Melegh, Z. B., Malik, S., Yuksel, A., Catchpoole, D., …Malik, K. (2018). Wnt Signalling Drives Context-Dependent Differentiation or Proliferation in Neuroblastoma. Neoplasia, 20(4), 335-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neo.2018.01.009

© 2018 Neuroblastoma is one of the commonest and deadliest solid tumours of childhood, and is thought to result from disrupted differentiation of the developing sympathoadrenergic lineage of the neural crest. Neuroblastoma exhibits intra- and intertu... Read More about Wnt Signalling Drives Context-Dependent Differentiation or Proliferation in Neuroblastoma.

LGR5 expression is regulated by EGF in early colorectal adenomas and governs EGFR inhibitor sensitivity (2017)
Journal Article
Morgan, R. G., Mortensson, E., Legge, D. N., Gupta, B., Collard, T. J., Greenhough, A., & Williams, A. C. (2018). LGR5 expression is regulated by EGF in early colorectal adenomas and governs EGFR inhibitor sensitivity. British Journal of Cancer, 118(4), 558-565. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2017.412

© The Author(s) named above 2018. Background:LGR5 serves as a co-receptor for Wnt/β-catenin signalling and marks normal intestinal stem cells; however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. LGR5 + cells are known to exist outside... Read More about LGR5 expression is regulated by EGF in early colorectal adenomas and governs EGFR inhibitor sensitivity.

Genetics society prize for best talk entitled "Adaptation to hypoxia requires HIF-driven GPRC5A-YAP activity" (2017)
Presentation / Conference
Greenhough, A. (2017, July). Genetics society prize for best talk entitled "Adaptation to hypoxia requires HIF-driven GPRC5A-YAP activity". Presented at The Genetics Society 11th Mammalian Genes, Development and Disease Meeting

Selected Talk.

BACR/ECMC prize for best overall presentation, for "A new HIF target that promotes tumour cell adaptation to hypoxia" (2016)
Presentation / Conference
Greenhough, A. (2016, July). BACR/ECMC prize for best overall presentation, for "A new HIF target that promotes tumour cell adaptation to hypoxia". Presented at BACR/ECMC Conference on Therapeutic Interventions for Cancer Therapy

Selected Talk.

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (2016)
Journal Article
Bagniewska-Zadworna, A., Baghdiguian, S., Baek, S. H., Baehrecke, E. H., Bae, S. H., Bae, O. N., …>100 authors, .. (2016). Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy, 12(1), 1-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies... Read More about Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition).

LGR5 regulates pro-survival MEK/ERK and proliferative Wnt/β-catenin signalling in neuroblastoma (2015)
Journal Article
Vieira, G. C., Chockalingam, S., Melegh, Z., Greenhough, A., Malik, S., Szemes, M., …Malik, K. (2015). LGR5 regulates pro-survival MEK/ERK and proliferative Wnt/β-catenin signalling in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget, 6(37), 40053-40067. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5548

LGR5 is a marker of normal and cancer stem cells in various tissues where it functions as a receptor for R-spondins and increases canonical Wnt signalling amplitude. Here we report that LGR5 is also highly expressed in a subset of high grade neurobla... Read More about LGR5 regulates pro-survival MEK/ERK and proliferative Wnt/β-catenin signalling in neuroblastoma.

BCL-3 expression promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through activation of AKT signalling (2015)
Journal Article
Urban, B. C., Collard, T. J., Eagle, C. J., Southern, S. L., Greenhough, A., Hamdollah-Zadeh, M., …Williams, A. C. (2016). BCL-3 expression promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through activation of AKT signalling. Gut, 65(7), 1151-1164. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308270

Objective Colorectal cancer remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Here we investigate the role of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) co-factor B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 (BCL-3) in promoting colorectal tumour cell survival. De... Read More about BCL-3 expression promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through activation of AKT signalling.

Circulating prostaglandins as biomarkers for colorectal cancer? (2015)
Journal Article
Greenhough, A., Paraskeva, C., & Williams, A. C. (2015). Circulating prostaglandins as biomarkers for colorectal cancer?. EBioMedicine, 2(2), 105-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.01.016

Despite increases in our understanding of intestinal tumour biology, colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most colorectal cancers develop from benign adenomas, presenting an opportunity for early detection and... Read More about Circulating prostaglandins as biomarkers for colorectal cancer?.