Augmenting reality and formality of informal and non-formal settings to enhance blended learning

Hern�ndez-Leo, Davinia; P�rez-Sanagust�n, Mar; Perez-Sanagustin, Mar; Hernandez-Leo, Davinia; Santos, Patricia; Kloos, Carlos Delgado; Blat, Josep

Abstract

Visits to museums and city tours have been part of higher and secondary education curriculum activities for many years. However these activities are typically considered "less formal" when compared to those carried out in the classroom, mainly because they take place in informal or non-formal settings. Augmented Reality (AR) technologies and smartphones can transform such informal and non-formal settings into digitally augmented learning settings by superimposing "digital" layers of information over physical objects or spaces. At the same time, the formality of these settings increases when connected to formal settings through these digital layers. The right combination of AR and mobile technologies with computer-based educational tools such as Learning Management Systems (LMSs) drives this digital connection, leading to articulated blended learning activities across formal, non-formal and informal settings. This paper contributes to the TEL field with: (1) three blended learning activities illustrating the idea of augmented informal/non-formal settings; (2) results from the cross-analysis of these activities that evidence the impact of technology to enhance blended learning; and (3) a set of lessons learned about the possibilities of NFC/GPS AR technologies and LMSs for blended learning. This work provides insights for the design and implementation of similar technology-enhanced blended learning activities. © 2008-2011 IEEE.

Citation

Hernández-Leo, D., Pérez-Sanagustín, M., Perez-Sanagustin, M., Hernandez-Leo, D., Santos, P., Kloos, C. D., & Blat, J. (2014). Augmenting reality and formality of informal and non-formal settings to enhance blended learning. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 7(2), 118-131. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2014.2312719

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Publication Date: Apr 1, 2014
• Deposit Date: Aug 13, 2015
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 13, 2016
• Journal: IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies
• Print ISSN: 1939-1382
• Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 7
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 118-131
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2014.2312719
• Keywords: augmented reality, m-learning, blended learning
• Public URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/826060
• Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2014.2312719
• Additional Information: Additional Information : (c) 2014 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.